The application of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology in physics education provides students with new learning opportunities and experiences. The purpose of this study is to explore how to use virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology for physics experiment simulation to improve the effectiveness of physics education. By creating a virtual experimental environment, students can simulate various physical experiments to enhance their understanding and practical skills. This article will explore the design and development of virtual experimental simulation systems, learning effectiveness evaluation, and teaching practice applications.