Land use, as a key form of human-environment interaction, has sharply and continuously transformed the global land surface. Farmland abandonment (FA) is an extreme manifestation of land use marginalization, exerting both positive and negative impacts on the ecological environment and human well-being. To map the extent of FA in Zhejiang Province and clarify its spatial pattern, driving mechanisms, and ecological-socioeconomic implications, this study employed the Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Geographic Information System (GIS) platforms, integrating multi-source land use/land cover data and Landsat time-series images. We used the random forest (RF) algorithm for land use classification, the land use trajectory method for FA identification, landscape pattern analysis (Fragstats 4) to quantify landscape characteristics, and spatial autocorrelation analysis (Moran’s I and LISA indices) to explore spatial aggregation patterns. The results showed that farmland accounted for 16.32% of the total land use area in Zhejiang Province, equivalent to 1.89 × 10⁴ km². The total area of FA was 1.72 × 10⁸ m², with a farmland abandonment rate of 1.65%. The area of active farmland (AF) was approximately 1.95 × 10⁹ m², with a continuous cultivation rate of 18.69%. The landscape fragmentation, aggregation, and diversity of FA, AF, and fallow land (FL) differed significantly: FA exhibited the most severe fragmentation, while AF had the highest aggregation degree. Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that FA and AF both showed dominant high aggregation and low dispersion characteristics; the global Moran’s I index of FA was 0.93 (Z-score = 439.45, p < 0.01), indicating a strong positive spatial autocorrelation. Local spatial autocorrelation (LISA) analysis showed that high-high (HH) and low-low (LL) clusters were the main types, accounting for 38.97% and 37.95% of FA patches (passing p < 0.01 significance test), respectively. Comparative analysis with existing studies confirmed the scientific validity of our results (overall classification accuracy > 95%). Finally, we discussed the ecological and socio-economic driving mechanisms of FA, analyzed its potential threats to food security, proposed targeted policy implications, and identified research limitations and future research directions. Our findings provide a scientific basis for rational land use management, farmland protection, and food security assurance in Zhejiang Province.

This study investigates the low-velocity impact behavior of jute/epoxy biocomposites with varying fiber volume fractions 10% (JE10), 20% (JE20), and 30% (JE30). Samples were characterized by gradual force decrease and progressive damage mechanisms. All samples exhibited ductile failure behavior. Energy absorption capacity and peak forces decreased with increasing fiber content. JE10 achieved the highest energy absorption of 9.45 J and peak force of 772 N, while the JE30 composite showed the lowest values of 5.41 J and 690 N, respectively. However, the JE30 sample exhibited a faster energy dissipation rate, potentially advantageous for specific applications. Moreover, the study uncovered a complex interplay between impact duration, displacement, and fiber content, with higher fiber content leading to shorter impact durations and improved composite stiffness. These findings highlight the potential for tailoring the biocomposites’ impact response through strategic manipulation of fiber content, potentially opening new avenues for designing eco-friendly materials with optimized impact resistance.

Forensic science fundamentally centers on detecting and interpreting clues, many of which are extremely small, easily degraded by environmental conditions, or intentionally concealed. Traditional forensic methods remain reliable and legally accepted; however, they increasingly struggle to address emerging forms of highly minute and complex evidence. In response, researchers are turning to nanotechnology to enhance forensic capabilities. Working at the nanoscale offers improved sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy, enabling forensic scientists to detect, visualize, and analyze trace evidence with greater precision. This review examines the expanding role of nanotechnology across diverse forensic domains, including fingerprint visualization, gunshot residue detection, DNA analysis, document authentication, drug-related investigations, and postmortem interval estimation. Rather than suggesting that nanotechnology will replace established approaches, this article compares nanoscale methods with conventional techniques, highlighting their respective advantages, limitations, and practical considerations. Key challenges, such as validation, reproducibility, interpretation of results, and admissibility in court, are critically discussed. By assessing how nanotechnology can both support and complicate forensic workflows, this review provides a balanced perspective on its realistic contributions and shortcomings. Through integrating recent scientific advances with an understanding of forensic constraints, the article aims to clarify how nanoscale technologies may meaningfully strengthen forensic science while upholding the evidentiary standards demanded by the justice system.

Land use and forest cover change present significant challenges in the northern upland regions of Lao PDR, particularly in efforts to reduce deforestation and unsustainable land use. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the socioeconomic factors influencing land use and forest cover changes in Phongsaly Province. The study was conducted across five districts, covering 14 villages. A total of 501 participants were selected through systematic random sampling to take part in questionnaire-based interviews. Binomial logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the socioeconomic factors that influence changes in land use and forest cover. The results revealed that satisfaction levels, expectations, perceptions of law enforcement, and participation in forest management were significantly associated with socioeconomic factors. Key factors influencing land use and forest cover change included ethnicity, educational attainment, household size, distance to forest areas, and engagement in forest management practices. In particular, ethnicity has exerted a significantly positive influence on land use and forest cover changes. Higher levels of educational attainment are essential for improving the quality of life among ethnic groups, expanding their occupational opportunities, and reducing the negative impacts on land use and forest cover change. Changes in land use and forest cover have had a significant impact on carbon storage and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The primary driver of GHG emissions is the conversion of forested areas into agricultural land, particularly for the cultivation of upland crops. Factors influencing these changes should be effectively disseminated and addressed through targeted interventions. Efforts should be prioritized and strengthened within local communities, especially in areas experiencing high rates of deforestation and forest degradation.