COVID-19 has brought great challenges to the word. As an important part of emergency supplies support, the information sharing level of the Emergency Supply Chain(ESC) plays an important role in its rapid response capability. Firstly, this paper analyzes some problems existing in China’s ESC during the epidemic. Then, the emergency supply chain is divided into four stages. Finally, the paper conducts a coupled analysis of the problems within each phase and the integration of blockchain technology. In conclusion, the application of blockchain technology can realize information transparency, which could improve China’s ability to supply emergency supplies under public health emergencies.