It is increasingly obvious the huge improvement caused in loss of habitat and degradation in environment. Various nations are prone to natural disasters if this issue is not addressed. The development of finance has been hailed as significant in alleviating environmental concerns due to its part as a source of cash for the development of green technology. The primary goal of this research is to satisfy an acquaintance vacuum by investigating the relationship amongst economic growth and ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) concert throughout Asia. This analysis made use of country-level data from 2010 to 2015. Economic growth is positively connected to ESG routine, due to examination upon the pooled normal least squares method, the immovable impact logistic method, these two-phase least squares technique, and the structure’s generalised approach of moments estimator. Additionally, additional tests including financial sector growth subcomponents (financial platforms and financial institutions) reveal that the conclusion is consistent and resilient under multiple model settings. Financial development, when combined, is an essential catalyst for promoting ESG performance in Asia.

This study investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), capital structure, and financial distress in Jordan’s financial services sector. It tests the mediating effect of capital structure on the CSR-distress linkage. Utilizing a panel data regression approach, the analysis examines a sample of 35 Jordanian banks and insurance firms from 2015–2020. CSR is evaluated through content analysis of sustainability disclosures. Financial distress is measured using Altman’s Z-score model. The findings reveal an insignificant association between aggregated CSR engagement and bankruptcy risk. However, capital structure significantly mediates the impact of CSR on financial distress. Specifically, enhanced CSR enables higher leverage capacity, subsequently escalating distress risk. The results advance academic literature on the nuanced pathways linking CSR to financial vulnerability. For practitioners, optimally balancing CSR and financial sustainability is recommended to strengthen resilience. This study provides novel empirical evidence on the contingent nature of CSR financial impacts within Jordan’s understudied financial services sector. The conclusions offer timely insights to inform policies aimed at achieving sustainable and stable financial sector development.