Using literature review, interview, and field observation methods, this study conducted an in-depth study on the current situation, model, and sustainable development of targeted student support for rural physical education in Guangdong Province. The results indicate that targeted students have formed various effective support models for rural physical education. However, there are also some problems, such as insufficient funding support, unsmooth management mechanisms, and imperfect evaluation mechanisms. In response to this, suggestions have been put forward to strengthen policy guidance, improve funding guarantee mechanisms, strengthen cooperation with universities, and establish scientific evaluation mechanisms to promote targeted student support for the sustainable development of rural physical education.