This study aims to explore the connection between the philosophical thinking of human nature, evil and redemption and the problems of human nature, evil and redemption in the contemporary society, and put forward the corresponding enlightenment and suggestions, so as to enrich people’s understanding and understanding of these topics. This paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, text analysis and historical and cultural analysis to study the philosophical thinking on human nature, sin and redemption in the Divine Comedy, and through the in-depth interpretation and analysis of the words, image and symbol elements in the text, so as to show the significance of these thoughts in a comprehensive and deep way. The research in this paper shows that through the in-depth exploration of philosophical thinking in literary works, we can improve our understanding and understanding of human nature, evil and redemption, and provide important reference and en_x005flightenment for the development and change of contemporary society.