In the present research work, we investigated the use of the image intensifier in the extraction of radiopaque foreign bodies in traumatology. First of all, it is necessary to clarify that this method constitutes an essential component of practically generalized use, in which low current level radiation is used, that is, fluoroscopic radiation, so that it can be applied for a considerably longer time than that of the longest radiographic exposure. This tool works with a tube intended for this purpose, which is known as fluoroscopy. The radiations from the tube pass through the patient and reach the serigraph, on which the image intensifier or fluoroscopic screen is mounted. In the latter case, this is where the chain ends, since it is on this screen that the image is formed and where the physician directly observes the region to be studied. It is also necessary to define that a foreign body is any element foreign to the body that enters it, either through the skin or through any natural orifice such as the eyes, nose, throat, preventing its normal functioning. It was possible to obtain as a result that the advantages of fluoroscopic navigation are the reduction of surgical time and the amount of irradiation, which goes from about 140 seconds without navigation to only 8 seconds, which is a substantial difference. Among the conclusions, it was possible to highlight that in the case of a radiopaque object, it is essential to have an image intensifier for localization of the foreign body during surgery; while in the case of a radiolucent foreign body, it is more advisable to locate it through the clinic, since these tend to form granulomas.

Introduction: Given the heterogeneous nature and inherent complexity of forensic medical expertise, the expert (medical professional or related areas) must make the best use of the technical and technological tools at his disposal. Imaging, referring to the set of techniques that allow obtaining images of the human body for clinical or scientific purposes, in any of its techniques, is a powerful support tool for establishing facts or technical evidence in the legal field. Objective: To analyze the use of magnetic resonance and computed tomography in postmortem diagnosis. Methodology: information was searched in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Journal and in the search engine Google Scholar, using the terms “X-Ray Computed Tomography”, “Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy”, “Autopsy” and “Forensic Medicine” published in the period 2008–2015. Results: MRI is useful for the detailed study of soft tissues and organs, while computed tomography allows the identification of fractures, calcifications, implants and trauma. Conclusions: In the reports found in the literature search, regarding the use of nuclear magnetic resonance and computed tomography in postmortem cases, named by the genesis of the trauma, correlation was found between the use of imaging and the correct expert diagnosis at autopsy.

Introduction: Chest trauma has a high incidence and pneumothorax is the most frequent finding. The literature is scarce on what to do with asymptomatic patients with pneumothorax due to penetrating chest trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate what are the findings of the control radiography of patients with penetrating chest trauma who are not initially taken to surgery, and their usefulness in determining the need for further treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed, including patients older than 15 years who were admitted for penetrating chest trauma between January 2015 and December 2017 and who did not require initial surgical management. We analyzed the results of chest radiography, the time of its acquisition, and the behavior decided according to the findings in patients initially left under observation. Results: A total of 1,554 patients were included, whose average age was 30 years, 92.5% were male and 97% had a sharp weapon wound. Of these, 186 (51.5%) had no alterations in their initial X-ray, 142 had pneumothorax less than 30% and 33 had pneumothorax greater than 30 %, hemopneumothorax or hemothorax. Closed thoracostomy was required as the final procedure in 78 cases, sternotomy or thoracotomy in 2 cases and discharged in 281. Conclusion: In asymptomatic patients with small or moderate pneumothorax and no other significant lesions, longer observation times, radiographs and closed thoracostomy may be unnecessary.

In the process of X-ray transmission imaging, the mutual occlusion between structures will lead to the image information overlap, and the computed tomography (CT) method is often required to obtain the structure information at different depths, but with low efficiency. To address these problems, an X-ray focused on imaging algorithm based on multi-line scanning is proposed, which only requires the scene target to pass through the detection area along a straight line to extract multi-view information, and uses the optical field reconstruction theory to achieve the de-obscured reconstruction of the structure at a specified depth with high real-time. The results of multi-line scan and X-ray reconstruction of the target show that the proposed method can reconstruct the information of any specified depth layer, and it can perform fast imaging detection of the mutually occluded target structures and improve the recognition of the occluded targets, which has a good application prospect.

In Costa Rica, there is no explicit recommendation from the competent authorities for the use of a specific phantom, so experts must explore what suppliers offer, among which the Normi Mam Digital phantom from PTW stands out. This article presents the results of the dosimetry and image quality control applied to the Normi Mam Digital phantom to validate it as equipment that complies with the recommendations of the Human Health Series No. 17. The results obtained were satisfactory, proving that the equipment complies with the tolerances recommended by international health bodies.

With the increasing demand for sustainable energy, advanced characterization methods are becoming more and more important in the field of energy materials research. With the help of X-ray imaging technology, we can obtain the morphology, structure and stress change information of energy materials in real time from two-dimensional and three-dimensional perspectives. In addition, with the help of high penetration X-ray and high brightness synchrotron radiation source, in-situ experiments are designed to obtain the qualitative and quantitative change information of samples during the charge and discharge process. In this paper, X-ray imaging technology based on synchrotron and its related applications are reviewed. The applications of several main X-ray imaging technologies in the field of energy materials, including X-ray projection imaging, transmission X-ray microscopy, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, X-ray fluorescence microscopy and coherent diffraction imaging, are discussed. The application prospects and development directions of X-ray imaging in the future are prospected.