This report deals synthesis of CuInGa (CIG) nano materials along with doctor blade and spin coated thin films selenization and their physical properties. The doctor blade and spin coated CIGS/SLG thin films thicknesses are obtained ̴ 2 μm and ̴ 2.95 μm.  Raman spectroscopy of these thin films leads the chalcopyrite phase formation by exhibiting the peak at wave number 171 cm^-1. The well developed grain growths of spin coated thin film are appeared in the surface morphology. While the grain growths developments in doctoral blade coated thin film is rather hard and fuzzy. EDS measurement recognised the existence of the compositional ratio presence of the alloying elements Cu, In. Ga and Se. The doctor blade and spin coated CIGS/SLG thin films are exhibited the UV- Visible transmission peak in the wave length range 240 nm 320 nm. The optical energy band gaps for the doctor blade and spin coated CIGS thin films are obtained 1.41eV and 1.5 eV.        

In the current era, electromagnetic radiation is everywhere. Every day electromagnetic radiation and static electricity caused by a variety of hazards. So, anti-electromagnetic radiation and anti-static awareness gradually enjoys popular support, more attention are gained by people on the anti-electromagnetic radiation and anti-static. This caused radiation protection and anti-static clothing industry’s rise by the day. Radiation protection and anti-static clothing will enter various households to provide a certain amount of protection to the people's health. We discuss two parts in this paper, specifically from the effects of the electromagnetic radiation and electrostatic effects which started on radiation clothing and anti-static clothing. The main contents of this paper are as follows: The first part of the definition of electromagnetic radiation and its brief introduction, while explaining the types of electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic radiation sources in daily lives, followed by the emphasis of serious harms on electromagnetic radiation on human health It is precisely because of electromagnetic radiation on people's lives have serious threat, that makes the development of radiation protection. This follows the basic introduction of the radiation suit and the development of radiation protection clothings. The development of radiation protection suits is an established industry. Materials made of radiation protection are constantly changing, but their basic working principle has not changed. Followed by the introduction of the basic principles of radiation protection clothings, we theoretically present specific analysis and demonstration. However, the theoretical analysis and practice is often consists a certain gap, so we highlight a few actual situations on the impact of radiation protection clothings. Finally, we present a simple discussion on wide range of applications of radiation protection clothings. The thought process of second part is similar as the first part, respectively, we introduce the health hazards and the impact on people's lives of electrostatic effect and static electricity . Followed by that it is the basic principles, relevant analysis and discussion of anti-static clothing Finally, we provide the detailed explanation of the application of anti-static clothing.

This paper describes the significance, content, progress and corresponding basic theory and experimental research methods of micron/nanometer scale thermal science and engineering, which is one of the latest cutting-edge disciplines, and analyzes the effects of micron nanometer devices on the scale effect series of challenging hot issues, discussed the corresponding emergence of some new phenomena and new concepts, pointed out that the micron/nano thermal science aspects of the recent development of several types of theory and experimental technology success and shortcomings, and summed up a number for the exploration of the new ways and new directions, especially on some typical micron/nano-thermal devices and micro-scale biological heat transfer in some important scientific issues and their engineering applications were introduced.

Using a Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model, and China as the base for analytical comparison, this paper shows that there are significant economic benefits to China and the participating countries along all six Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) economic corridors. However, to maximize these benefits, the social and environmental risks need to be well managed. The analysis shows a clear sequencing in terms of priority corridors. Two corridors have minimal investments and immediate returns, two corridors have significant investments with huge returns, and two corridors have high investments with lower returns. Overall, the paper demonstrates that to ensure the sustainability of any BRI corridor development, there is a need to consider its costs and benefits from the economic, social and environmental perspectives.

Modified chitosan hybrids were obtained via chemical reaction of chitosan with two pyrazole aldehyde derivatives to produce two chitosan Schiff bases, Cs-SB1, and Cs-SB2, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed both chemical structures and morphology of these Schiff bases. Thermal gravimetric analysis showed an improvement of thermal properties of these Schiff bases. Both chitosan Schiff bases were evaluated in a batch adsorption approach for their ability to remove Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Energy dispersive X-ray for the Schiff bases adsorbed metal ions in various aqueous solutions was performed to confirm the existence of adsorbed metal ions on the surface substrate and their adsorptive efficiency for Cu(II) ions. Results of the batch adsorption method showed that prepared Schiff bases have good ability to remove Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The Langmuir isotherm equation showed a better fit for both adsorbents with regression coefficients (R² = 0.97 and 0.99, respectively) with maximum adsorption capacity for Cu(II) of 10.33 and 39.84 mg/g for Cs-SB1 and Cs-SB2, respectively. All prepared compounds, pyrazoles and two chitosan Schiff bases, showed good antimicrobial activity against three Gram +ve bacteria, three Gram –ve bacteria and Candida albicans, with varying degrees when compared to the standard antimicrobial agents.

The exploitation of timber has had a profound impact on tropical forest areas and their structures. This study assessed the effect of selective logging on natural regeneration and soil characteristics in post-loading bay sites at the Pra-Anum forest reserve in Ghana, West Africa. The results showed no difference in the number of species enumerated in the loading bays and the undisturbed area. More trees were observed in the RAT and RNT plots than in the undisturbed area. Relative to the RAT plot, species on the RNT and the undisturbed area were less diverse and less evenly distributed. Mean tree height, diameter, and basal area were higher in the RAT and RNT plots than in the undisturbed plots. Soil bulk density was lower in the RAT and undisturbed plot than in the RAT plot and increased with increased depth. Soil organic matter was 44% and 27% more in the undisturbed and RAT plots, respectively, than in the RNT plot and accounted for 84.75%, 83.97% and 45.33% of variations in soil bulk density, pH, and CEC. The study provides insight into the need to rehabilitate highly disturbed areas in forests, particularly the addition of topsoil on loading bays, skid trails, roads, and gaps after logging to improve the productivity of the forest soils.