Introduction: Chest trauma has a high incidence and pneumothorax is the most frequent finding. The literature is scarce on what to do with asymptomatic patients with pneumothorax due to penetrating chest trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate what are the findings of the control radiography of patients with penetrating chest trauma who are not initially taken to surgery, and their usefulness in determining the need for further treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed, including patients older than 15 years who were admitted for penetrating chest trauma between January 2015 and December 2017 and who did not require initial surgical management. We analyzed the results of chest radiography, the time of its acquisition, and the behavior decided according to the findings in patients initially left under observation. Results: A total of 1,554 patients were included, whose average age was 30 years, 92.5% were male and 97% had a sharp weapon wound. Of these, 186 (51.5%) had no alterations in their initial X-ray, 142 had pneumothorax less than 30% and 33 had pneumothorax greater than 30 %, hemopneumothorax or hemothorax. Closed thoracostomy was required as the final procedure in 78 cases, sternotomy or thoracotomy in 2 cases and discharged in 281. Conclusion: In asymptomatic patients with small or moderate pneumothorax and no other significant lesions, longer observation times, radiographs and closed thoracostomy may be unnecessary.

This paper qualitatively analyzes the connotation of woodland welfare and the changes of woodland welfare that may be caused by the transfer of the right to use, and interprets the welfare improvement caused by the transfer of the right to use of woodland in the ideal state by using the relevant theories and models of microeconomics. Based on the prospect theory and psychological account theory of behavioral economics, this paper analyzes the reasons why the transfer of forestland use right has not been carried out on a large scale in China.

Doping by athletes is a serious problem plaguing competitive sports around the world. Reviewing history, the traditional British endurance race is the source of doping in modern sports. Science and technology is the main driving force of social development. The competitive level of human beings has reached the height close to the limit of human potential, and it is difficult to improve sports performance by using conventional training methods, which makes athletes seek external and powerful means to improve their performance, and the achievements of natural science just meet this demand. This has also become a seemingly unavoidable phenomenon. On the one hand, this practice has been condemned by the public, on the other hand, it has become a serious problem in sports.

Socrates argues that individuals can continue to behave morally when trying to explore virtue, distinguishing between copying a moral person’s actions and acting on the basis of virtue itself. This study proves the limitations of South Korea’s moral education, which values moral knowledge as a driver of moral behavior, by analyzing the art of measurement presented by Socrates as a method of recognizing virtue. Consequently, Protagoras was examined to identify the characteristics of the art of measurement, and “all pleasure is good” and “knowledge directly drives action” was problematized. The study concluded that moral knowledge is not a decisive factor in guiding moral behavior in the right direction.

China’s rapid development in modern times has become an important country in the world. Therefore, the cultures of various countries continue to cross and integrate in China. Language is the carrier of culture. Under the function of language, international culture is constantly spread and exchanged. As an important part of basic education, language education, especially college English education, significantly contains multiple international cultures. From the perspective of multiculturalism, the development status of college English teaching reflects the importance of multicultural infiltration. The following explores college English teaching strategies from the perspective of multiculturalism from three aspects: establishing “double qualified” teachers, paying attention to mother tongue and cultural differences, establishing diversified teaching concepts and establishing teaching culture evaluation system.

The issue of urban land management in the world in general and in Africa in particular has been exacerbated by the liberalization of land practices and the commodification of land, which has led to an increase in corrupt practices within land institutions in all cities. A mixed methodology was employed, combining a comparative case study of secondary towns with a quantitative survey of 559 landowners in the towns of Bohicon and Sokodé. In-depth interviews were conducted with 31 informants, who were surveyed on the land acquisition process, the individual determinants influencing corrupt practices, and the institutions most involved in these practices. The findings revealed that the acquisition of a formal title conferring property rights in both cities necessitates the completion of several steps. Corrupt practices are present at almost every stage of the transaction. The application of logistic regression models to the independent variables indicates that age and profession are highly significant in the sociodemographic characteristics of those most susceptible to engaging in these practices. Formal land administration institutions are the most involved in these types of everyday corruption. These practices are ultimately linked to people’s life paths and cannot therefore be combated without psychosociological education and the promotion of ethical behavior among all stakeholders, particularly among those who demand services.