In today's changing world of work, Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM)) still focuses on making workers more productive. This study systematically examines the mediating function of incentives both monetary and non-monetary between antecedent characteristics (e.g., leadership, organizational culture) and employee productivity using a systematic literature review (SLR) of papers published from 2010 to 2024. The review adheres to PRISMA principles and integrates 18 peer-reviewed studies chosen through a stringent screening and quality evaluation process from Scopus and Google Scholar. The results show that the success of incentives depends a lot on things like the ideals of the business, the style of leadership, and the demographics of the workforce. Thematic analysis, informed by the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity (AMO) theory and Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) frameworks, delineates four principal processes by which incentives affect productivity: goal alignment, perceived equity, motivational pathways, and cultural congruence. The research emphasizes the necessity of customizing incentive systems to specific organizational contexts and offers practical guidance for HR professionals. Recognizing limitations and publishing bias, suggestions for future incentive system design are presented.

Disinformation can be defined as false information deliberately initiated to cause harm to a person, social group, organization, or country. Gendered disinformation then attacks or undermines people based on gender or weaponizes gendered narratives for political, social, or economic objectives. Gendered disinformation comes in different forms, such as harmful social media posts and graphics, sexual fabrications, and other forms of conspiracy theories. It is used in various situations and at different places. This research discussed the instances of gendered disinformation and harmful online narratives that are recognizable and visible. It sheds light on the potential direct and indirect impact on youth experiences. In this study, the young participants (aged 18–30) focused on the instances of the existing online narratives of gendered discrimination from Belgium, Greece, Latvia, Spain, and Türkiye. The research provided an initial analysis of what “gendered information and harmful online narratives” look like and some recommendations from youth perspectives on countering the issues. The study concluded that there is a need for more research, further harmonization of legal frameworks, and strengthened capacity to detect gendered disinformation, propaganda, and hate speech.

Heat conduction theory stipulates that two thermo-physical properties of materials: the thermal conductivity “k” and the thermal diffusivity “α” influence the temperature evolution in regular and irregular bodies as a response to various cooling/heating conditions. The traditional statement involving the two thermo-physical properties is examined at length in the present study for the case of a semi-infinite region. The primary objective of the present study is to investigate the influence of the less known thermo-physical property called the thermal effusivity “e” on the incipient surface temperature rise in a semi-infinite body affected by uniform surface heat flux. The secondary objective of the study is to identify a key figure of merit named the dimensionless threshold time that separates the incipient temperature elevation in a semi-infinite region from the incipient temperature elevation in a large wall of finite thickness under the same uniform surface heat flux. The outcome of the methodical analysis suggests that the accurate estimate for the dimensionless threshold time τ_th in the semi-infinite region should be 0.10.

Iran has one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and many elements of today’s urban planning and design have their origins in the country. However, mass country-city migration from the 1960s onwards brought enormous challenges for the country’s main cities in the provision of adequate housing and associated services, resulting in a range of sub-standard housing solutions, particularly in Tehran, the capital city. At the same time, and notably in the past decade, Iran’s main cities have had significant involvement in the smart city movement. The Smart Tehran Program is currently underway, attempting to transition the capital towards a smart city by 2025. This study adopts a qualitative, inductive approach based on secondary sources and interview evidence to explore the current housing problems in Tehran and their relationship with the Smart Tehran Program. It explores how housing has evolved in Tehran and identifies key aspects of the current provision, and then assesses the main components of the Smart Tehran Program and their potential contribution to remedying the housing problems in the city. The article concludes that although housing related issues are at least being raised via the new smart city technology infrastructure, any meaningful change in housing provision is hampered by the over centralized and bureaucratic political system, an out of date planning process, lack of integration of planning and housing initiatives, and the limited scope for real citizen participation.