The study aims to explore the extent to which Jordanian e-news sites rely on artificial intelligence applications in their news content. The researchers will use a media survey methodology, and the sample will consist of 45 editors-in-chief and editors from 10 Jordanian news sites, namely: Ammon, Khabrny, Joe24, Saraya, Amman Net, Jafra, Crown News, Petra, Kingdom, and Roya. The researcher will use an electronic questionnaire, which led to several findings, the most significant of which are: Many news and media sites have introduced artificial intelligence systems to enhance the services they provide to the public. A significant number of journalistic and electronic media websites have shown interest in data analysis tools for their media services. Electronic news sites are clearly striving to improve their capabilities in using artificial intelligence technologies to enhance the services they provide to the Jordanian audience. Additionally, most electronic media websites have expressed a willingness to develop a plan to improve cybersecurity systems to protect against hacking and intrusion attempts, safeguarding their data and the AI systems that operate continuously.AI systems in media organizations also aim to enhance the news experience for users by enriching media services with modern, communicative content.

This study introduces a cross-country comparative analysis of the role of News Ombudsperson in the public media corporations in Spain and France. It investigates the specific media self-regulatory processes established to reduce reputational risks and increase the trust and credibility of the media organisations. It aims to fill in the gaps in prior research by applying a qualitative framework developed using indicators derived from scholarly work on regulation and governance and media management. The variables selected for the analysis are extracted from prior interdisciplinary research and focus on media self-regulatory processes, complaints management mechanisms, election, reporting procedures, checks and balances, roles, visibility and transparency of News Ombudspersons in two countries which represent the Polarised Pluralist media system category. Research questions are raised in relation to the main variables identified for the comparative analysis. Data were collected from multiple publicly available international sources, including public media organizations databases, national media regulatory authorities, and academic studies. Results reveal cross-country variations. The systematic investigation of different forms of self-regulatory procedures might lead to concrete recommendations and best practice models for media organizations beyond the European Union. Further research could address the role of media audiences as relevant stakeholders in media governance processes.

This study explores the spatial distribution pattern of educational infrastructure development across districts and cities in North Sumatra, identifying significant disparities between urban and rural areas. The study aims to: (1) determine the distribution of educational development across districts and cities, (2) analyze global spatial autocorrelation, and (3) identify priority locations for educational development policies in North Sumatra Province. The methodology includes quantile analysis, Moran’s Global Index, and Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) using GeoDa software to address spatial autocorrelation. The results indicate that there are nine areas with a low School Participation Rate Index (SPRI), eleven areas with a low School Facilities and Infrastructure Index (SFII), and eleven areas with a low Regional Education Index (REI). Spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals that SFII shows positive spatial autocorrelation, while SPRI and REI exhibit negative spatial autocorrelation, indicating a high level of inequality between regions. Labuhan Batu Selatan and Labuhan Batu are identified as priorities for the provincial government in overseeing educational development policies.

Introduction: The heterogeneity of occupational morbidity by gender in those suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been little studied in the Latin American context. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of CTS of occupational origin in the Ecuadorian salaried population according to gender, In addition, the differences in risk between women and men are compared. Methods: We use the only administrative registers of CTS qualified as occupational diseases in the country between the years 2017 and 2019. Period incidence rates were estimated to compare the risk in women versus men (RR, CI 95%) by age group and economic activity. Results: CTS is the second most common occupational disease in Ecuador. Women workers are more likely tosuffer from CTS and showed twice the risk compared to men [RR = 2.10 (95%CI: 1.94–2.11); p = 0.000]. This risk increases with age and for the vast majority of economic activities. The occupations of agriculture and warehousing stand out for their importance. Conclusions: The results shown in this study raise the fundamental need to improve epidemiological surveillance systems and occupational health policies by considering gender differences in order to adequately address risks and promote safe and healthy working environments for all.

On 17 February 2008, Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia, receiving recognition from over half of the UN member states, the majority of the European Union, Council of Europe and NATO member states, as well as the most industrialized states in the global economic forum. However, Kosovo did not receive recognition from Serbia, China, Russia, India, certain states with diplomatic grievances with the USA, communist dictatorial states like North Korea, and five EU member states, including Romania, Greece, Cyprus, Slovakia, and Spain. This article focuses on Spain’s possibilities and reasons for recognizing Kosovo or not. Using qualitative methodology, five university professors—two from Madrid, one from Barcelona, and two Kosovar professors, one from the University of Pristina and the other from the University of Winchester, England—were interviewed with open-ended questions in November-December 2023. The research identified opportunities and reasons for Spain’s hesitation in recognizing Kosovo, including Spain’s domestic context, historical relations with the Western Balkans and the newly formed countries after the dissolution of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, as well as the European and international political context. The research results show that Spain has been hesitant to recognize new states quickly, not only in the case of Kosovo, due to the context of autonomist aspirations within Spain and reluctance to draw parallels between Kosovo and Spain’s autonomous regions.

Online shopping has eliminated the need to visit physical commercial centres. As a result, trips to these centres have shifted from primarily shopping-motives to leisure, companionship, and dining. The shifting in consumer behaviour is implicated in the growing spatial agglomeration of restaurants/cafes within commercial centres in European cities. Conversely, in southern cities, various casual restaurants/cafes also serve as leisure and companionship hubs. However, their spatial patterns are less explained. This article aims to elucidate the spatial pattern of these diverse restaurants/cafes in a typical southern city, Surabaya City. In this study, we employ the term ‘food services’ to encompass the various types of restaurants/cafes found in southern cities. We gather Points of Interest (POIs) data about food services via web scraping on Google Maps, then map out their spatial distribution across 116 spatial units of Surabaya City. Utilising k-means cluster analysis, we classify these 116 spatial units into six distinct clusters based on the composition of food service variants. Our findings show that City Centres and Sub-City Centres are locations for different types of restaurants/cafes. The City Centre is typically a location for fine dining restaurants and cafes, whereas Sub-City Centres are locations for fast casual dining and fast food restaurants. Cafes and fast food restaurants are centralised throughout downtown areas. Casual food service restaurants, such as casual style dining, coffee shops, and food stalls, are dispersed along business, residential zones, and periphery areas without intense domination of any specific variant.