Reusable bags have been introduced as an alternative to single-use plastic bags (SUPB). While beneficial, this alternative is economically and environmentally viable only if utilized multiple times. This study aims to identify the determinants influencing the use of reusable bags (RB) over single-use plastic bags (SUPB) within the framework of ecological impact reduction, employing the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The focus is on understanding how attitudes (AT), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) collectively guide consumers towards adopting reusable bags as a pro-environmental choice. The focus is on understanding how attitudes (AT), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) collectively guide consumers towards the adoption of reusable bags as a pro-environmental choice. Data were collected through a survey administered to 814 consumers in Lahore, employing both regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the impact of AT, SN, and PBC on reusable bag consumption (RBC). The TPB framework underpins the hypothesis that these three psychological factors significantly influence the decision to use RBs. Both regression and SEM analyses demonstrated that AT, SN, and PBC positively affect RBC, with significant estimates indicating the strength of each predictor. Specifically, PBC emerged as the strongest predictor of RBC (PBC2, β = 0.533, p < 0.001), highlighting the paramount importance of control perceptions in influencing bag use. This was followed by AT (β = 0.211, p < 0.001) and SN (β = 0.173, p < 0.001), confirming the hypothesized positive relationships. The congruence of findings from both analytical approaches underlines the robustness of these techniques in validating the TPB within the context of sustainable consumer behaviors. The investigation corroborates the TPB’s applicability in predicting RBC, with a clear hierarchy of influence among the model’s constructs. PBC’s prominence underscores the necessity of enhancing consumers’ control over using RBs to foster sustainable consumption patterns. Practical implications include the development of policies and marketing strategies that target the identified determinants, especially emphasizing the critical role of PBC, to promote broader adoption of RBs and contribute to significant reductions in plastic waste.

This research aimed to investigate the role of humanizing leadership in enhancing the effectiveness of change management strategies within organizations. Specifically, it focused on how humanizing leadership influences change outcomes and the extent to which organizational culture moderates this relationship. The study addressed critical questions regarding the impact of leadership behaviors, such as model vulnerability, emotional intelligence, open communication, and psychological safety on effective change management and employee performance. A quantitative approach was employed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the phenomena. Quantitative data were collected from a sample of 325 employees through surveys that measured perceptions of Humanizing leadership behaviors, organizational culture, and change outcomes. Data was analyzed by IBM SPSS 26.0. The findings revealed that humanizing leadership behaviors significantly enhances the success of change initiatives, primarily through improved employee engagement and reduced resistance. Organizational culture was found to play a moderating role, amplifying the positive effects of empathetic and inclusive leadership practices. The study provides actionable recommendations for organizational leaders and managers to foster a culture that supports humanizing leadership. By adopting leadership strategies that emphasize vulnerability, empathy, and inclusivity, organizations can enhance their adaptability and resilience against the backdrop of continuous change. These findings are particularly valuable for enhancing managerial practices and informing policy within corporate settings.

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a tropical vegetable and a source of vitamins such as K, C, and B. It is commonly grown and sold for daily consumption, but picking the right fruit size is more profitable. Therefore, a method for estimating the fruit weight is highly recommended. This paper aimed to determine the dimensions of cucumber fruit based on its usual harvesting size and to establish a model to show the relationship between fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit diameter. Cucumber was planted in the experimental field belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Biosystems Engineering, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from January to June 2022. In the study, 48 market-size fruits were randomly selected from the plots to measure their weight, length, and diameter. The result shows that fruit length and fruit diameter had a positive relationship (P < 0.001; R = 0.70). Fruit weight was 3.38 fruit length × fruit diameter (P <0.001; R = 0.95). Nevertheless, L/D ratio negatively affected fruit weight, when it exceeded 3:1. Fruit weight was greater than 100 g when fruit diameter was over 4 cm and fruit length was over 10 cm. Therefore, when picking cucumber fruits, one must consider fruit length and diameter to be profitable. Further studies will focus on measuring cucumber fruit already available on the market to understand more about actual consumer preferences.

This study examines the factors influencing e-government adoption in the Tangerang city government from 2010 to 2022. We gathered statistics from multiple sources to reduce joint source prejudice, resulting in a preliminary illustration of 1670 annotations from 333 regions or cities. These regions included major urban centers such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, Makassar, and Denpasar, as well as other significant municipalities across Indonesia. After removing anomalous values, we retained a final illustration of 1656 annotations. Results indicate that higher-quality digital infrastructure significantly boosts e-government adoption, underscoring the necessity for resilient digital platforms. Contrary to expectations, increased budget allocation for digital initiatives negatively correlates with adoption levels, suggesting the need for efficient spending policies. IT training for staff showed mixed results, highlighting the importance of identifying optimal training environments. The study also finds that policy adaptability and organizational complexity moderate the relationships between digital infrastructure, budget, IT training, and e-government adoption. These findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach integrating technological, organizational, and policy aspects to enhance e-government implementation. The insights provided are valuable for policymakers and practitioners aiming to improve digital governance and service delivery. This study reveals the unexpected negative correlation between budget allocation and e-government adoption and introduces policy adaptability and organizational complexity as critical moderating factors, offering new insights for optimizing digital governance.

This study aims to examine how marketing mix and trust theories influence users’ intentions to adopt herbal platform services in Thailand and examine the impact of these intentions on actual service usage, placing a special focus on the integration of technologies in the context. The significant potential for growth in Thailand’s herbal business and the currently underutilized online platforms, it is crucial for stakeholders to understand the determinants of investment intentions. Merging marketing mix and trust theories, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of factors influencing the use of herbal platform, highlighting the relevance of herbal in enhancing service adoption. This study utilized a quantitative approach, gathering data through online surveys from 416 users of online herbal platforms in Thailand using SEM to examine the impact of gender on consumers’ decisions to use these platforms. This study provides insights into effective business strategies for herbal companies and contributes novel perspectives to the literature on herbal services. It specifically examines cognitive and emotional trust impacts and explores gender dynamics within the context of Health development. The study clarifies the roles of these factors and assesses the impact of gender on platform adoption, highlighting the importance of m-Health services in facilitating this process. Enhancing user engagement with herbal platform services requires prioritizing influential determinants, streamlining the investment experience, and underscoring the sector’s contribution to economic revitalization. Authorities should prioritize simplifying the investment landscape and initiating advocacy campaigns, while platform developers are advised to improve the user experience, bolster educational efforts, and heighten awareness of the investment advantages within the herbal industry. This research provides stakeholders with insights into the factors that enhance Thais’ engagement with herbal market platforms, especially via online channels. Identifying these key drivers is anticipated to boost participation in the herbal market, thereby contributing positively to Thailand’s economy.

Introduction: Many detrimental effects on employees’ health and wellbeing might result from inadequate illumination in the workplace. Headaches and trouble focusing can result from eye strain brought on by inadequate illumination. The purpose of this study was to simulate and optimize workplace illumination in the ceramic industry. Materials and methods: A common Luxmeter ST-1300 was used to measure the illumination in seven workplaces at a height of 100 cm above the floor. DIALux evo version 7.1 software was used to simulate the illumination of workplaces. To optimize the illumination conditions, a numerical experiment design consisting of 16 scenarios was used for each of the workplaces. Four factors were considered for each scenario: luminaire height, number of luminaires, luminous flux, and light loss factor. The Design-Expert program version 13.0.5.0 was applied for developing the scenarios. Finally, by developing quadratic models for each workplace, the optimization process was implemented. Results: Every workplace had illumination levels that were measured to be between 250 and 300 lux. Instead of using compact fluorescent luminaires, LED technology was recommended to maximize the illumination conditions for the workers. Following optimization, 376 lux of illumination were visible at each workstation in every workspace. For the majority of the workspaces, the simulated illumination was expected to have a desirability degree greater than 0.9. The uniformity and illumination of the workplace were significantly impacted by the two factors of luminaire height and luminaire count. Conclusion: The primary outcomes of this optimization were the environmental, political, and socioeconomic ones, including reduced consumption power, high light flux, and environmental compatibility. Nonetheless, the optimization technique applied in this work can be applied to the design of similar situations, such as residential infrastructure.