As a result of China's evolving higher education landscape, private universities have emerged as significant players, fostering democratization and fulfilling key roles. However, these institutions face distinct challenges shaped by legal, societal, and internal factors. In the knowledge-driven economy, employee satisfaction is crucial for success. Understanding pivotal factors and conducting satisfaction surveys are essential for effective management and talent retention. This study focuses on Chengdu's private university educators, analyzing how factors like belongingness, self-actualization, and rewards influence job satisfaction. Through surveys, data analysis, and literature review, this study refines its findings and uncovers underlying causes. The study offers actionable insights for educators and institutions, aimed at enhancing job satisfaction.

The mobile health market is expected to continue to grow that will make it harder for mobile application developer to compete. One of the most popular types of mobile health application is health and fitness applications. This application aims to modify user behavior; therefore, it requires user to use the system continuously in relatively longer period of time to effectively change user behavior. Thus, user satisfaction is essential and must be maintained to reach this goal. This study aims to define the mobile health application qualities that would influence user satisfaction level. Developer can priorities the most influential qualities when building their application. Quality dimensions would be explored by literature review and Google Play Store review and categorised using DeLone McLean IS Success Model. We identified 12 quality dimension that will furthered analysed using Kano Model. The data collecting was conducted with online form with 12 pairs of Kano two-dimensional questionnaires (n = 115). The results show that the important qualities of mobile health application are Privacy, Availability, Reliability, Ease of Use, Accuracy and Responsiveness, lack of these qualities would cause dissatisfaction from user. The developer might also consider to improve user interface and usefulness of the application to increase user satisfaction even though these qualities would not cause much of dissatisfaction

Background: The background and objectives of the research revolve around bureaucracy as a classic form of the modern division of labor, with Max Weber acknowledging its inevitability. However, the objective implications of the bureaucracy’s iron cage are evident in governance and management experiences. The mayors of Tehran’s districts exemplify how Iranian culture interacts with bureaucracy. This research seeks to establish principles and governance for district governors using an alternative bureaucracy, parallel to conventional bureaucracy. Methods: The methods employed include twenty strategically selected interviews, considering age, municipal area, and work experience for maximum variance. Grounded theory methodology, specifically the approach by Anselm Strauss and Barney Glaser, guides the research, employing open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. MaxQDA 2020 software enhances the qualitative data analysis, facilitating organization, coding, and collaboration within the research team. Results: Findings indicate “inevitable violations” as a common starting point for interviewees, leading to three axes: “preconditions,” “objectives,” and “strategies and mechanisms” of alternative bureaucracy. In conclusion, breaking through bureaucracy becomes necessary for governors to act. Alternative bureaucracy, rooted in experience yet considering the bureaucratic field, requires transcendent goals. Hybridity and ethical principles are crucial when transitioning from conventional bureaucracy to the alternative in urban governance.

Professional identity among faculty members in private higher education institutions plays a vital role in shaping the quality and sustainability of these institutions. This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the professional identity of teachers in Chengdu's private higher education institutions. The study employs a theoretical framework centered on "identification" with behavior intention, behavior attitude, and sense of belonging as fundamental dimensions. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and analyzed using SPSS 23.0. The study hypothesizes that behavior intention, behavior attitude, and sense of belonging have a significant positive impact on professional identity among faculty members. Additionally, behavior attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are expected to have a significant positive influence on behavior intention, and subjective norms and perceived usefulness may positively affect sense of belonging. The results are expected to provide valuable insights for enhancing the professional satisfaction and educational quality of faculty in private higher education institutions.

Analysing external factors with a design-thinking approach is crucial for adaptation, identifying opportunities, and mitigating risks in native digital enterprises. This research introduces a framework rooted in design principles and future scenarios for external analysis, with the aim of meeting current market needs. The study employs a mixed qualitative-quantitative research approach, incorporating methods such as literature review, workshops, and surveys. These methods enable the collection and analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data, providing a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the research topic by using it in a DNVB case study. Developing a conceptual framework using a design-thinking approach which we call ASPECT contributes to a comprehensive interpretation of complexity, intertwining collective and individual factors. This reduces the risk of overlooking essential elements when making strategic decisions in ambiguous, uncertain, and volatile contexts. This method contrasts with traditional external analysis frameworks like CAME, Pestle, and SWOT. The document aims to contribute to the literature by exploring new models of external analysis based on the design process. This framework combines the conventional stages of a design thinking process with methodologies for future scenarios to identify relevant external factors for organizations. It provides an innovative conceptual framework for creating new business models and growth strategies for digital enterprises.

This study looked at how adding augmented reality (AR) to Jordanian fast-food apps during the pandemic impacts brand identity, consumer views, and interactions. It wanted to see if AR strengthens brand connections or leads to brand dilution concerns in the industry. The research utilized a qualitative approach, employing semi-structured interviews with 52 marketing managers from diverse fast-food establishments across Jordan. The study highlighted how mobile apps, especially AR, changed brand interactions in Jordan’s fast-food market. They boosted convenience and engagement but raised worries about food quality and brand dilution due to heavy app use. It stressed the need to balance tech innovation, preserve brand identity, offer personalized experiences, understand user behavior, and tackle app development challenges for better brand loyalty. The research offers practical implications for stakeholders, recommending strategic AR integration, a user-centric approach, cultural sensitivity in tech adoption, and the preservation of emotional connections. It emphasizes the significance of maintaining a delicate balance between leveraging technological advancements and safeguarding the distinctiveness of individual brand identities within an increasingly app-centric landscape. This study uncovers AR’s influence in Jordan’s fast-food scene, highlighting its transformative power and possible drawbacks. It offers practical advice for industry players, guiding them on how to navigate the digital shift without compromising brand integrity or customer connections.