This study explores the influence of human resource empowerment on the establishment of green human resource management (GHRM) within Tehran's 14th district municipality. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical research approach, the study targets the practical implications of empowerment strategies on GHRM implementation. The research population consists of 1500 employees from the 14th district, based on the 2017 census. A sample of 306 respondents was selected using Morgan's table. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire developed from the study's conceptual framework and research hypotheses. The questionnaire's validity and reliability were confirmed through expert review and Cronbach's alpha (0.9). Descriptive statistics outline the background and primary variables, while inferential statistics, particularly the Pearson correlation test, were used to evaluate the hypotheses. Results indicate that human resource empowerment positively affects the establishment of GHRM in Tehran's 14th district municipality.

The high demand for quality healthcare services in Portugal is generating concerns about meeting the optimum number of healthcare professionals in the private sector, such as doctors and clinicians. Critical interventions are currently in progress, aiming to provide quality healthcare that will be accessible and sustainable through actionable retention strategies such as investing and developing human capital, introducing better conditions of service to attract and retain talent in the private healthcare sector, and prioritizing the needs of patients. The objective of this study is to understand which factors promote the migration of physicians from the public to the private sector according to the theoretical assumptions of incentives. In this context, a phenomenological study was carried out, using semi-structured interviews with fifteen physicians working in the private health network. Content analysis was done using NVivo 12. The results indicate that performance evaluation in the private sector exists but has no alignment with incentives. The condition makes the private healthcare sector unattractive, however, other policies of remuneration remain promising. Current proposals that could revive the image of the sector include collective decision-making and strong labour relations advocacy for physicians in the private sector.

Cases of human trafficking are becoming more prevalent and represent grave abuses of human rights. Both locally and internationally, victims of human trafficking run the danger of being exploited, violent, or infected with contagious illnesses. The Indonesian government has not fully complied with the minimal criteria for safeguarding victims of human trafficking, notwithstanding Law Number 21 of 2007 for the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. Human rights restoration and respect for victims of human trafficking must be given priority in the implementation of legal protection for these individuals. To strengthen and increase the security of victims’ rights in the future, this study intends to conduct a thorough analysis of the humanism approach model and policies for safeguarding victims of human trafficking. This research uses an empirical technique to support its normative legal analysis. Primary and secondary legal sources are used in this research. The study’s findings show that the protection provided by humanist criminal law for victims of human trafficking is founded on humanitarian principles that derive from the divine principles found in the Pancasila ideology. There are additional requirements for punishment, such as its purpose, its ability to serve as therapy, and its determination to reflect the victim’s and society’s sense of justice. This criminal law is founded on the principles of legality and balance.

This study aims to explore the evolution of the human resources field in Western academia during the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on the trends in research topics across different decades. The analysis utilizes citation co-citation analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and social network analysis. The research data were drawn from the Web of Science (WoS) database, comprising 1278 documents. By distinguishing between different time periods, the study identifies shifts in the field across two distinct time frames, visualized through multidimensional scaling maps. The results indicate that the 1970s were dominated by seven major research streams, while the 1980s introduced eight research streams, with “human resources” emerging for the first time as a prominent research frontier. The volume of literature, co-citation frequency, and citation counts all increased over time, reflecting the growing vibrancy and expanding scope of research in the field. Although citation co-citation analysis provides objective quantitative insights, issues such as the purpose of citations, the extent to which cited documents influence citing documents, and the varying layers of citation impact may introduce potential errors in the co-citation analysis results.

This article examines the factors influencing sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) in Arab countries, focusing on economic, social, and technological dimensions. Using data from various sources and structural equation modeling, the study explores the relationships between these factors and SE sustainability. The findings reveal that economic factors, such as GDP per capita and foreign direct investment (FDI), positively influence SE sustainability, emphasizing the need for a conducive economic environment. Social factors, measured by Internet usage and the Human Development Index (HDI), also significantly impact SE sustainability, highlighting the importance of access to information and education. However, technological factors like patent applications and high-tech exports did not show a significant positive relationship with SE sustainability, suggesting a minimal direct impact on SE longevity in Arab countries. These insights have implications for policymakers, stressing the importance of fostering economic growth and enhancing social infrastructure to support sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems. Despite its robust methodology, the study has limitations, such as incomplete data for certain countries, affecting the generalizability of the findings. Future research could explore additional factors influencing SE sustainability, further investigate the role of technology, and expand the geographical scope to include more Arab countries.