Since 2013, the state has introduced a number of policies to strictly control the number and scale of public hospitals and to control the rapid expansion of public hospitals. After the introduction of this series of policies, the number of public hospitals in China did not continue to grow, but the number of beds in public hospitals continued to grow. This paper uses difference-in-difference (DID) method to analyze the number of public hospitals with the corresponding data of the development of private hospitals after the introduction of the policy, and the results proves that the introduction of relevant policies has an impact on the number of public hospitals, but has a limited impact on the expansion of the scale of public hospitals. At the end of the article, positive policy suggestions are given to the development of hospitals in China, such as controlling the expansion of public hospitals, strictly controlling the number of beds in public hospitals, and vigorously developing private hospitals. Promoting the development of private hospitals is an important economic supplement to China's health care.

This article scrutinizes the multifaceted challenges inherent in intergovernmental coordination across various sectors, with a particular emphasis on sustainable development and entrepreneurial activity within the Republic of Moldova. It argues that despite the existence of intergovernmental cooperation, it often manifests as deficient, contradictory, incomplete, and inefficient. Through a meticulous analysis, this study delineates the roles of pertinent authorities and institutions in fostering the sustainable development of entrepreneurial activities, identifying critical inter-institutional coordination issues and challenges. The discourse extends to examining institutional processes and the extent to which policies, laws, and international standards are implemented to nurture and sustain business activities. Moreover, the paper explores various strategies to cultivate responsible, transparent, and effective dialogue between institutions, thereby promoting innovative practices, expanding cooperation, and fostering partnerships with national and civil society organizations, including international bodies.

This study aims to investigate the difficulties local governments face as a result of the province directly managing county system reform. It reveals the various challenges faced by local governments under the provincial directly managed county reform through a thorough analysis of the history, rationale, and implementation of the reform along with pertinent literature reviews and case studies. It is discovered that the county reform, which is directly governed by the province, has not only significantly altered the functions and organizational structure of local governments, but it has also made their resource allocation, financial strain, and brain drain problems worse. To help local governments deal with the difficulties in the province-directly governed county reform, related remedies, and solutions are finally proposed to handle these issues.

The focus of this research is the task of assistance from the government in improving agriculture in the region and analyzing the obstacles that occur. However, there has been a decrease in the number of assistance tasks given by the central government to the local government of Rokan Hulu, Riau Province, Indonesia in 2022. This study aims to evaluate and find out the obstacles to the implementation of assistance tasks in Rokan Hulu Regency in 2022. This study uses a qualitative method with an exploratory type and is analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this study show that the Rokan Hulu regional government only gets one implementation of assistance tasks, namely from the Ministry of Agriculture through the Director General of Infrastructure and the Director General of Food Crops whose performance achievements have been maximized. The findings in this study are that in its implementation there are obstacles, one of which is the relatively short period of implementation of assistance tasks, making it difficult to implement assistance tasks by regional apparatus organizations as recipients of assistance tasks. The conclusion in this study is that the implementation of assistance tasks there is one assistance task received from the Ministry of Finance whose implementation in the region is carried out by the Food Crops and Horticulture Service. This research contributes to the government of Rokan Hulu, Indonesia, namely as a basis for policymaking, especially in the use of the budget for assistance tasks.

considering the rate of the currency channel, this study aims to analyze the effect of government foreign debt on labour demand in Indonesia. The Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) is used to quantify the exchange rate, while estimates of the labour force participation rate characterize labour demand. this study expands upon the cobb-Douglass production function by including public debt as an integral element of the statistical model. The current study examines time series data from 1994 to 2022 and uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for estimation. in conclusion, the results suggest that an increase in government external debt would result in a decline in labour demand, especially during economic shock associated with an expansion of the government deficit. Moreover, the Real Effective Exchange Rate has a beneficial long-term impact on labour demand. enhancing the purchasing power and stimulating investment through the appreciation of the domestic currency against foreign currencies will consequently increase economic productivity.