This study delves into the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of aerobics through SWOT analysis. Aerobics offers a comprehensive workout, enhancing students’ physical fitness and promoting overall well-being. Nevertheless, challenges include a lack of awareness among students and potential issues such as insufficient sports skills. Opportunities arise in college physical education courses, serving as an excellent platform for fostering students’ holistic development. However, aerobics faces threats in teaching, such as time constraints and varying student interests. Addressing the actual teaching scenario, corresponding strategies are proposed. Firstly, there is a need to strengthen the promotion and education of aerobics. Secondly, employing a hierarchical, step-by-step teaching approach can elevate students’ motor skills. Additionally, designing engaging and challenging aerobics courses aligned with the characteristics of college physical education helps ignite students’ enthusiasm. Lastly, teachers should flexibly adjust content and methods to ensure effective calisthenics teaching. Through SWOT analysis and the discussion of teaching strategies, this paper aims to offer valuable insights for the aerobics teaching in college physical education classrooms. The goal is to promote students’ all-round development and enhance the overall quality of physical education.

This article analyses the complex factors contributing to rising medical expenses, focusing on the senior citizen demographic in Malaysia. With the global aging population, notably in lower and middle-income countries, the study highlights the escalating medical and health insurance costs, driven by age, income source, modern healthcare, and geographical residence. The research draws on an extensive literature review, demographic analysis, and quantitative methods to examine these determinants. It critically analyzes Malaysia’s healthcare system, which operates on a dual-tier model, and the financial burden placed on senior citizens. The findings indicate that age, source of income, and geographical residence significantly influence medical expenses, whereas modern healthcare’s impact is not statistically significant. The study calls for government intervention, insurance industry adjustments, and private sector support to mitigate the financial strain on senior citizens. Recommendations include tax relief adjustments, National Health Insurance Scheme implementation, and employment sustainability for seniors. This research provides some recommendations to policymaking, the insurance industry, and academia by providing insights into managing the healthcare needs of an aging population sustainably.

With the continuous development of our society, the education community has also put forward a series of new requirements that align with the current era.  Among them, in the teaching activities of kindergarten teachers, the effective reference of information technology is conducive to teachers guiding children to participate in learning, helping teachers to create a good teaching environment by means of information technology, and helping to expand children's vision and develop children's intelligence. However, at present, some kindergarten teachers in our country do not have information technology literacy, which hinders the growth of children. Therefore, this paper focuses on the cultivation of information technology literacy among kindergarten teachers in the new era.

The focus of the article is the evaluation of the interaction between regional state bodies and business structures in Kazakhstan, specifically in terms of the development of public-private partnerships. The purpose of the research is to enhance the understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of the mechanism of interaction between the state and business structures. Through an examination of the various structural components of the partnership development strategy, the study aims to identify the elements of the mechanism for the implementation of the state and business development strategy. Additionally, the research seeks to establish the correlation between the outcomes of the joint entrepreneurship mechanism and the criteria used to evaluate the performance of regional state bodies. To assess the effectiveness of the interaction between business and government at the regional level in Kazakhstan, a survey-based evaluation was conducted to measure the satisfaction levels of public utilities, entrepreneurs, and businesses with the activities of local authorities. The survey also evaluated the degree of corruption among local authorities. A matrix of interaction between business and government was created, and various models and algorithms for the interaction between government representatives and business structures were studied. The research findings highlight the importance of enhancing the collaboration between the state and the business sector, promoting the implementation of public-private partnerships, and establishing social partnerships to cultivate mutually beneficial relationships.

Urban mobility in Grand Lomé is affected by several negative externalities, including road congestion, insecurity and environmental pollution. Traffic jams cause considerable economic losses, estimated at more than 13,000 CFA francs per month for some public officials, and represent a financial drain of several million CFA francs per day on the Togolese economy. These challenges are accentuated by rapid urbanization and a dizzying increase in the number of vehicles, especially motorcycle taxis. These factors not only cause economic losses, but also to the deterioration of the quality of life of the inhabitants. On average, motorists lose up to 49.5 min per day in traffic jams, with fuel and time costs estimated at hundreds of thousands of CFA francs per year for each user of the main boulevards. Through an in-depth analysis of the impacts of these negative externalities on mobility and sustainable development, this study reveals that traffic congestion, combined with the lack of road infrastructure, generates considerable economic and environmental costs. These traffic jams also worsen air pollution, making the transport sector responsible for 80% of greenhouse gas emissions. These proposed solutions include: 1) The modernization of road infrastructure, culminating in the construction of new lanes entirely dedicated to public and non-motorized transport. 2) The regulation of motorcycle taxis, inspired by regional examples, to improve safety and efficiency. 3) The introduction of rapid transit systems, such as Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), to make travel more fluid. 4) The implementation of strict environmental standards and regular technical controls to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These proposals aim to reduce social and economic costs, while promoting sustainable mobility and a better quality of life for residents.