Countries employ various strategies to strengthen their soft power through education, public campaigns, mandatory service, and community involvement, essential for building a well-informed, prepared, and resilient citizenry. In Indonesia, the Civic Awareness for State Defence (CASD) program is designed to instil state defence awareness among citizens. This study introduces the Indonesia State Defence Index (SDI), a novel metric grounded in theoretical constructs such as national identity, nationalism, patriotism, and national pride. Differentiating from previous indices, our SDI employs advanced methodologies including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to enhance measurement accuracy. Unlike earlier approaches that used traditional aggregation methods, our use of PCA ensures the reduction of dimensions for each state defence indicator, thereby guaranteeing that only the intended dimensions are measured. Utilising data from the State Defence Survey conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Defence from 1 March to 26 June 2024, we aim to measure and benchmark SDI values across Indonesian regions, thereby elucidating the civic awareness profile in the context of state defence. The refined SDI provides critical insights for policymakers, highlighting regions that require focused interventions to bolster state defence preparedness.

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed Learning Management Systems (LMSs), enabled personalized adaptation and facilitated distance education. This study employs a bibliometric analysis based on PRISMA-2020 to examine the integration of AI in LMSs from an educational perspective. Despite the rapid progress observed in this field, the literature reveals gaps in the effectiveness and acceptance of virtual assistants in educational contexts. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine research trends on the use of AI in LMSs. The results indicate a quadratic polynomial growth of 99.42%, with the years 2021 and 2015 representing the most significant growth. Thematic references include authors such as Li J and Cavus N, the journal Lecture Notes in Computer Science, and countries such as China and India. The thematic evolution can be observed from topics such as regression analysis to LMS and e-learning. The terms e-learning, ontology, and ant colony optimization are highlighted in the thematic clusters. A temporal analysis reveals that suggestions such as a Cartesian plane and a league table offer a detailed view of the evolution of key terms. This analysis reveals that emerging and growing words such as Learning Style and Learning Management Systems are worthy of further investigation. The development of a future research agenda emerges as a key need to address gaps.

This study sought an innovative quality management framework for Chinese Prefabricated Buildings (PB) projects. The framework combines TQM, QSP, Reconstruction Engineering, Six Sigma (6Σ), Quality Cost Management, and Quality Diagnosis Theories. A quantitative assessment of a representative sample of Chinese PB projects and advanced statistical analysis using Structural Equation Modeling supported the framework, indicating an excellent model fit (CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.06). The study significantly advances quality management and industrialized building techniques, but it also emphasizes the necessity for ongoing research, innovation, and information exchange to address the changing problems and opportunities in this dynamic area. In addition, this study’s findings and recommendations can help construction stakeholders improve quality performance, reduce construction workload and cost, minimize defects, boost customer satisfaction, boost productivity and efficiency in PB projects, and boost the Chinese construction industry’s growth and competitiveness.

Socrates argues that individuals can continue to behave morally when trying to explore virtue, distinguishing between copying a moral person’s actions and acting on the basis of virtue itself. This study proves the limitations of South Korea’s moral education, which values moral knowledge as a driver of moral behavior, by analyzing the art of measurement presented by Socrates as a method of recognizing virtue. Consequently, Protagoras was examined to identify the characteristics of the art of measurement, and “all pleasure is good” and “knowledge directly drives action” was problematized. The study concluded that moral knowledge is not a decisive factor in guiding moral behavior in the right direction.

How can social enterprises implement Total Quality Management (TQM) to tackle urgent social issues within their organizational framework while also ensuring their continued viability? To address this question, this study aims to explore the organizational approach to the adoption and implementation of TQM practices and their efficacy in mitigating pressing social challenges and maintaining financial sustainability. It adopts a qualitative multiple-case research design involving 3 social enterprises to explore the research phenomenon. Following qualitative research analysis process using NVivo, our findings highlight a prevalent, short-term outlook in managing TQM, hindering the full potential of TQM to achieve both social impact and organizational sustainability. More specifically, they expose a significant dissonance within the case organizations’ TQM implementations: the contrast between the current state, indicative of what it is, and the ideal state, indicative of what it should be. Altogether, the study advocates leveraging TQM for long-term excellence and alignment in social enterprises (as opposed to short-term mediocrity and disarray), thereby facilitating the achievement of both social impact and financial sustainability.

A professional team of kindergarten teachers can guarantee the high-quality development of preschool education. In the process of professional development of kindergarten teachers, their professional development in different dimensions can usually be manifested in educational practice, which is related to the quality of kindergarten education and the development of children. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the current situation of the professional development of teachers in public kindergartens, points out the problems existing in the professional development of teachers, and hopes to promote kindergarten teachers to continuously improve their professional abilities and realize the sustainable development of the education team by exploring the path of professional development and training of teachers.