The US Infrastructure Investment and Job Act (IIJA), also commonly referred to as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill, passed in 2021, has drawn international attention. It aims to help to rebuild US infrastructure, including transportation networks, broadband, water, power and energy, environmental protection and public works projects. An estimated $1.2 trillion in total funding over ten years will be allocated. The Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill is the largest funding bill for US infrastructure in the recent history of the United States. This review article will specifically discuss funding allocations for roads and bridges, power and grids, broadband, water infrastructure, airports, environmental protection, ports, Western water infrastructure, electric vehicle charging stations and electric school buses in the new spending of the Infrastructure Investment and Job Act and why these investments are urgently necessary. This article will also briefly discuss the views of think tank experts, the public policy perspectives, the impact on domestic and global arenas of the new spending in the IIJA, and the public policy implications.

The regularity and variability of the composition distribution of the pyrolysis products of corn stover fermentation residue and phenolic resin with the pyrolysis temperature were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and lyser-gas/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). The results show that toluene, phenol and methyl phenol are the main common components of the two systems, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, alkoxy compounds and a small amount of carboxylic acid are the unique components in the pyrolysis products of corn straw fermentation residue, while dimethyl phenol, 9H-xanthene and other components in the phenolic. This is a reflection of the differences in the composition and structure of the two raw materials.

Electrospinning nanofiber membrane has the advantages of wide raw materials, large specific surface area, and high porosity. It is an ideal separator material for lithium-ion batteries. This paper first introduces two common electrospinning nanofiber diaphragms: polymer, polymer, and inorganic composite, and then focuses on the modification methods of composite modification, blending modification, and inorganic modification, as well as the methods of electrospinning nano modified polyolefin diaphragm. Finally, the development direction of the electrospinning lithium-ion battery separator has prospected.

In this paper, spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), rod-shape AuNPs and triangular AuNPs were synthesized using CTAB as the coating reagent, and their bactericidal properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were studied. By the plate count method and turbidity method, the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) and the minimum bacteriostasis concentrations (MIC) to the two kinds of bacteria were determined. The MIC of rod-shape AuNPs, triangular AuNPs and spherical AuNPs to E. coli were 0.65 μg/mL, 3.71 μg/mL, 21.21 μg/mL, and MBC were 1.30 μg/mL, 11.09 μg/mL, 21.21 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC to S. aureus were 0.26 μg/mL, 0.56 μg/mL, 2.65 μg/mL, while MBC were 0.52 μg/mL, 1.11 μg/mL, 2.65 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed that the bactericidal effect of rod-shape AuNPs on E. coli and S. aureus was higher than that of the other two forms, and the bactericidal effect of three different forms of AuNPs on S. aureus was better than that on E. coli.

Although public-private partnership (PPP) is regarded as one of the key effective tools in the development of many countries, various challenges surrounding PPPs are not well understood. This paper explores nine key challenges in PPP implementation: (1) different organizational cultures and goals between the partners, (2) poor institutional environment and support, (3) weak political and legal frameworks, (4) unreliable mechanisms for sharing risk and responsibility, (5) inadequate procedures for the selection of PPP partners, (6) inconsistency between resource inputs and quality, (7) inadequate monitoring and evaluation of PPP processes, (8) lack of transparency, and (9) the inherent nature of PPPs. This paper aims to provide the perceptions in the existing literature on many of these challenges, as well as provide solutions to each challenge. 

We reviewed the research on super-hydrophobic materials. Firstly, we introduced the basic principles of super-hydrophobic materials, including the Young equation, Wenzel model, and Cassie model. Then, we summarized the main preparation methods and research results of super-hydrophobic materials, such as the template method, soft etching method, electrospinning method, and sol-gel method. Among them, the electrospinning method that has developed in recent years is a new technology for preparing micro/nanofibers. Finally, the applications of super-hydrophobic materials in the field of coatings, fabric and filter material, anti-fogging, and antibacterial were introduced, and the problems existing in the preparation of super-hydrophobic materials were pointed out, such as unavailable industrialized production, high cost, and poor durability of the materials. Therefore, it is necessary to make a further study on the application of the materials in the selection, preparation, and post-treatment.