Short-form content has the potential for virality and broad sharing, allowing businesses to reach large audiences in a short period of time. This type of content has transformed traditional marketing approaches, capturing the attention and curiosity of Generation Z, thereby leading to the rise of digital marketing. As Generation Z is the next generation of consumers and their purchasing power increases as they enter the workforce, marketers need to understand the factors influencing their attitudes and purchase intentions. This study aims to explore the relationship between the growing presence of short-form advertising content in corporate marketing strategies and consumer behavioral intentions. To achieve this, the sub-characteristics of short-form content were categorized into expertise, ease of use, and entertainment value, while information reliability was set as a mediating variable. Data was collected through a survey of 256 adults residing in Busan and Gyeongnam, and analyzed using SPSS 28.0. The findings of the study revealed that most sub-characteristics of short-form content advertisements positively influenced both recommendation and purchase intentions. Additionally, information reliability was identified as a significant mediating factor between short-form content and consumer behavioral intentions. These results provide important insights for corporate marketers and advertising professionals, as they offer valuable guidance on how to influence consumer purchase intentions effectively.

The Cisadane Watershed is in a critical state, which has expanded residential areas upstream of Cisadane. Changes in land use and cover can impact a region's hydrological characteristics. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a hydrological model that can simulate the hydrological characteristics of the watershed affected by land use. This study aims to evaluate the impact of land use change on the hydrological characteristics of the Cisadane watershed using SWAT under different land use scenarios. The models were calibrated and validated, and the results showed satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated streamflow. The main river channel is based on the results of the watershed delineation process, with the watershed boundary consisting of 85 sub-watersheds. The hydrological characteristics showed that the maximum flow rate (Q max) was 12.30 m³/s, and the minimum flow rate (Q min) was 5.50 m³/s. The study area's distribution of future land use scenarios includes business as usual (BAU), protecting paddy fields (PPF), and protecting forest areas (PFA). The BAU scenario had the worst effect on hydrological responses due to the decreasing forests and paddy fields. The PFA scenario yielded the most favourable hydrological response, achieving a notable reduction from the baseline BAU in surface flow, lateral flow, and groundwater by 2%, 7%, and 2%, respectively. This was attributed to enhanced water infiltration, alongside increases in water yield and evapotranspiration of 3% and 15%, respectively. l Therefore, it is vital to maintain green vegetation and conserve land to support sustainable water availability.

In the fast-paced modern society, enhancing employees’ professional qualities through training has become crucial for enterprise development. However, training satisfaction remains under-studied, particularly in specialized sectors such as the coal industry. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of personal characteristics, organizational characteristics, and training design on training satisfaction, utilizing Baldwin and Ford’s transfer of training model as the theoretical framework. The study identifies how these factors influence training satisfaction and provides actionable insights for improving training effectiveness in China’s coal industry. Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional design that allowed the study to capture data at one point in time from a large sample of employees was employed to conduct an online survey involving 251 employees from the Huaibei Mining Group in Anhui Province, China. The survey was administered over three months, capturing a diverse sample with nearly equal gender distribution (51% male, 49% female) and a majority aged between 21 and 40. The participants represented various educational backgrounds, with 52.19% holding an undergraduate degree and most occupying entry-level positions (74.9%), providing a broad workforce representation. Findings: The research indicated that personal traits were the chief predictor of training satisfaction, showing a beta coefficient of 0.585 (95% CI: [0.423, 0.747]). Linear regression modeling indicates that training satisfaction is strongly related to organizational attributes (β = 0.276 with a confidence interval of 95% [0.109, 0.443]). In contrast, training design did not appear to be a strong predictor (β = 0.094, 95% CI: [−0.012, 0.200]). Employee training satisfaction was the principal outcome measure, measured with a 5-point Likert scale. The independent variables covered personal characteristics, organizational characteristics, and training design, all measured through validated items taken from former research. The consistency of the questionnaire from the inside was strong, as Cronbach’s alpha values stood between 0.891 and 0.936. We completed statistical testing using SPSS 27.0, complemented by multiple linear regression, to study the interactions between the variables. Practical implications: This research contributes to the literature by emphasizing the necessity for context-specific training approaches within the coal industry. It highlights the importance of considering personal and organizational characteristics when designing training programs to enhance employee satisfaction. The study suggests further exploration of the multifaceted factors influencing training satisfaction, reinforcing the relevance of Baldwin and Ford’s theoretical model in understanding training effectiveness. Ultimately, the findings provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to improve training outcomes and foster a more engaged workforce. Conclusion: The study concluded that personal and organizational characteristics significantly impact employee training satisfaction in the coal industry, with personal characteristics being the strongest predictor. The beta coefficient for personal characteristics was 0.585, indicating a strong positive relationship. Organizational characteristics also had a positive effect, with a beta coefficient of 0.276. However, training design did not show a significant impact on training satisfaction. These findings highlight the need for coal companies to focus on personal and organizational factors when designing training programs to enhance satisfaction and improve training outcomes.

This study examines consumer attitudes toward cryptocurrencies in Slovakia, focusing on the perceived adequacy of their promotion and the influence of demographic factors such as education, gender, and age. The findings reveal that a significant majority of respondents view cryptocurrency promotion as insufficient, with 77.77% expressing dissatisfaction. Demographic factors were found to have minimal impact on attitudes, suggesting that universal barriers—such as trust, technological literacy, and perceived risks—play a more critical role. Social media emerged as a key platform for engaging consumers, particularly younger demographics, provided that campaigns are well-targeted and informative. These results highlight the need for innovative promotional strategies emphasizing transparency, education, and trust-building to bridge the gap between cryptocurrencies and broader consumer adoption. The study contributes to the growing literature on cryptocurrency marketing by providing actionable insights for addressing challenges in emerging markets like Slovakia.

E-learning has become an integral part of higher education, significantly influencing the teaching and learning landscape. This study investigates the impact of student characteristics such as gender, grade, and major on E-learning satisfaction. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and collecting data through 527 valid questionnaires from Nanjing Normal University students, this research reveals the nuanced relationships between these variables and E-learning satisfaction. The findings indicate that gender, grade, and major significantly and positively impact student satisfaction with E-learning, highlighting the need for tailored E-learning resources to meet diverse student needs. The study underscores the importance of continuous improvement in E-learning resources and platforms to enhance student satisfaction. This research contributes to the understanding of effective E-learning strategies in higher education institutions.

“This paper’s purpose l is to determine whether certain firm-specific factors have an influence on the catering theory of dividend in the MENA region.” The catering theory of dividend related to the dividend policy by the different companies used in our paper to explain the decision by managers. The sample includes 600 non-financial firms listed stocks in the Stock Exchange of 6 countries from MENA region during the years 2010–2019. Catering theory explains why managers initiate (continue) to distribute dividends. A high dividend premium encourages managers to increase the level of dividend payment and explains why firms pay dividends or do not pay them thereafter. Investors should increase their demand for dividends to push managers to comply. Investors show their preference for dividend to self control, satisfaction and increase their profit. “This could be the catering incentive of the firm to decide to pay dividends”. Even although the result Investor preference for dividend is explained by different factors related to the firms characteristics from each firms is different from markets, it can be the evidence supporting the catering theory of dividend, not only in well-developed markets, but also in emerging markets such as our country.