There is a large literature on public-private-partnership, covering many different areas and aspects. This article deals with a specific but important aspect: the decision-making mechanisms to choose the management of PPP enterprises. In this sector, a suitable choice of managers is of particular importance because the persons chosen must balance the public and private interests. This is often difficult to achieve. Two new procedures are discussed, “Directed Random Choice” and “Rotating CEOs”. In each case, the advantages and disadvantages of the procedure of choosing the managers of PPP enterprises are discussed and evaluated. It is concluded that the two novel mechanisms should be seriously considered when choosing the managers of PPP enterprises.

In many cases, the expected efficiency advantages of public-private partnership (PPP) projects as a specific form of infrastructure provision did not materialize ex post. From a Public Choice perspective, one simple explanation for many of the problems surrounded by the governance of PPPs is that the public decision-makers being involved in the process of initiating and implementing PPP projects (namely, politicians and public bureaucrats) in many situations make low- cost decisions in the sense of Kirchgässner (1948–2017). That is, their decisions may have a high impact on the wealth of the jurisdiction in which the PPP is located (most notably, on the welfare of citizen-taxpayers in this jurisdiction) but, at the same time, these decisions often only have a low impact on the private welfare of the individual decision-makers in politics and bureaucracy. The latter, for example, in many settings often have a low economic incentive to monitor/control what the private-sector partners are doing (or not doing) within a PPP arrangement. The purpose of this paper is to draw greater attention to the problems created by low-cost decisions for the governance of PPPs. Moreover, the paper discusses potential remedies arising from the viewpoint of Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy.

A geologic and geomorphologic study aimed at solving some geological and geotechnical problems, regarding the massive seepage of meteoric waters in the coastal cliffs of the Island of Procida (Naples Bay, Southern Italy) composed of both tuffs and loose pyroclastic deposits, has been carried out in the geosites of Terra Murata (Middle Ages village and coastal cliff towards the Corricella Bay) and Centane-Panoramica (coastal cliff facing on the Tyrrhenian Sea).

A detailed geologic and geomorphologic survey has allowed to suggest solutions to the applied geological and geotechnical problems related to the occurrence of massive seepages of waters at the physical interface between pyroclastic rocks and loose pyroclastic deposits, characterized by different density, permeability and porosity and also controlled by a dense network of fractures, involving the pyroclastic deposits cropping out in the selected areas.

Field sampling and geotechnical laboratory analyses have been carried out to calculate the values of main geotechnical parameters of the yellow tuffs cropping out at the Terra Murata Promontory. At the same time, a detailed monitoring of the seepages of waters has been carried out through a detailed geological survey of the tuff outcrops of the promontory. The obtained results have suggested a strong control from both the geomorphologic instability of the coastal cliff and tectonic setting. At the Centane-Panoramica geosite, the geological survey, coupled with geotechnical analyses and standard penetrometric tests, has accordingly evidenced that the geomorphologic instability was mainly concentrated in the sectors of the tuff coastal cliffs facing seawards towards the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body of Chinese enterprises should be an important driving force for China's economic development. However, the problems of salary management faced by small and medium-sized enterprises are increasingly hindering their own survival and development. Whether it is standing on the position of the enterprise or the workers, the pay problem is that they are more concerned about the problem, while the remuneration is also an indispensable modern means of competition and incentives. Salary management is not only indispensable content of enterprise human resources, but also the establishment of modern enterprise system, and optimization of the allocation of social resources requirements. Enterprise salary management operation flexibility or not, directly affect the production and operation management, which will affect the long-term development of enterprises. This paper analyzes the problems of salary management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), such as unreasonable pay system, lack of forward-looking management system, and so on, and analyzes and discusses their own countermeasures.

In order to effectively reduce the workload of primary and secondary school students and the burden of off-campus training, and promote the effective improvement of the teaching and education level of schools at all levels and types, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Opinions on Students' Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden" (referred to as "double reduction"). Students' homework practice is a supplement and continuation of classroom teaching, which can consolidate and promote the quality of students' learning. This paper analyzes some problems in the design of primary school Chinese homework from three aspects, such as homework volume, homework type, and homework arrangement, and puts forward corresponding strategies for the optimization path of primary school Chinese homework design under the background of "double reduction".