E-commerce plays an important role in many organizations and businesses, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Although the body of scientific knowledge carries significant research in addressing the main drivers and challenges of e-commerce among SMEs, the Saudi market was untouched, especially after the official Saudi government classification of SMEs back in December of 2016. Therefore, this study aims to explore the most common factors and challenges of SMEs when utilizing e-commerce in Saudi Arabia. It focused on Jeddah City as the second-largest city and the main seaport of the country. This research is based on a quantitative survey carried out among 63 firms, due to the difficulty in reaching a larger number of participants who had dedicated time and budget. The examined factors were collected from the literature and classified using the Technology, Organization, and Environment Model (TOE). Out of 63 firms, only six were adopting e-commerce. This led us to focus more on the challenges that hindered the remaining 57 from utilizing e-commerce. The analysis results uncovered the status of e-commerce among a sample of Saudi SMEs and showed that the knowledge and awareness level of e-commerce potential for businesses play a significant factor in reaching this incredibly low number.

African countries have shown interest in developing the legal framework for electronic payment as part of digital law. The article aims to analyze the role of the legal framework for electronic payment in the field of digital economy. It relies on a legal methodology through analyzing legal texts related to electronic payment. It also relies on the comparative and descriptive approaches whenever there is a scientific necessity. The article concluded that the legal framework plays an important role in the field of digital economy. This framework appears in the general rules of civil and commercial laws or through the laws of money and credit. Other laws also play a complementary role, such as criminal law and personal data protection laws.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of E-integrated marketing communication on consumers’ purchasing behavior of mobile services. The population for the study involves all orange telecom mobile service customers in Jordan. Three hundred ninety-five questionnaires were distributed to orange telecom customers in Jordan, however, 375 only returned, which has been used for analysis. structural equation modeling using programs such as AMOS was used to investigate the impact of E-integrated marketing communication on consumers’ purchasing behavior. Data was collected through questionnaires was sent to study sample. The results of the study showed that E-integrated marketing communication had a positive impact on consumers’ purchasing behavior. Based on the findings, the study recommended that Orange Telecom should focus more on e-public relations to create a favorable image of the company among different groups of consumers, which can potentially enhance their purchasing behavior towards its mobile services. It is imperative for Orange Telecom to prioritize its e-integrated marketing communication strategy to effectively reach out to its target audience and influence their purchase decisions.

The article examines the role of electronic arbitration in settling commercial disputes. The article relies on the analytical approach to study legal texts and the comparative approach to examine the rules of international law and national laws in the field of electronic arbitration. In addition, the article discusses the concept of electronic arbitration and its distinction from traditional forms of arbitration. The article also explains the legal provisions related to it, especially those related to electronic arbitration agreements. Finally, the article explains the challenges related to its implementation how to take advantage of its benefits.

The research aims to explore the role of Electronic Human Resources Management on employee performance through employee engagement. The present research’s population included all Jordanian Service and Public Administration Commission employees. The data was collection through a questionnaire that was administered for the study Population. 262 questionnaires collected from employees working in Service and Public Administration Commission in Jordan valid for statistics. The analysis of the data was undertaken through the use of SEM (structural equation modelling). The results showed that E-HRM has a direct impact on employee performance and employee engagement. Consequently, the indication from the results was that a significant role in mediation within the effect that E-HRM had upon employee performance been played by employee engagement. The conclusion reached was that transformation of the public sector through implementation of technological HRM methods fosters employee engagement, with that being a key driver for the alignment of employee behaviors for the achievement of high levels of employee performance.

the development of digital technologies and their popularity in e-commerce is undeniable. However, consumers need to have a certain level of digital skills. The main aim of the paper was to examine and evaluate the development of consumers’ digital skills in the European Union and to identify the potential significant impact on online shopping. The EU countries studied experienced an increasing trend in both internet users and online consumers over the period under review, with Romania and Estonia experiencing the most significant year-on-year increases in internet users and online consumers respectively. The trend of consumers with digital skills was volatile and in some EU countries it was decreasing year-on-year. When comparing the share of online consumers and the share of consumers with digital skills, it was not possible to generalize the results as in some countries the values were at comparable levels, but in selected countries the share of consumers with digital skills was higher than the share of online consumers and in other countries the opposite was true. The results showed the existence of a significant impact of the level of digital skills on online shopping and also of the use of the internet for online shopping. The results obtained can provide a basis for online retailers to promote the increase of consumers’ digital skills, which will ultimately lead to the growth of e-commerce.