We examine the role of the North Aceh Government in implementing the Law on the Governing of Aceh (LoGA) as a legal structure in development policy. As a symbol of peace, the LoGA is a reference for accelerating development to alleviate poverty, including North Aceh as a conflict region. However, until now, the area remains the poorest in the province of Aceh. This research used descriptive qualitative methods, evaluating the local government’s performance as policymakers based on the Law by reconstructing policy theory (Easton) and legal system (Friedman). Our findings indicated that the local government needed help implementing LoGA to form development policies to solve poverty. This research suggested the importance of providing legal certainty in the distribution of authority, capacity building, and strengthening of political will for local government conducting its role.

As a global case, COVID-19 has raised concerns from various circles. To overcome these problems, serious steps are needed, especially from the strategic level that plays an important role in formulating policies. This paper tries to describe the steps taken by the Indonesian government, especially the president as the top leader in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is qualitative description through references that cover various topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in terms of strategic decision making by government leaders. Adaptive leadership as a leader’s ability to deal with various challenges in the midst of conditions filled with uncertainty is very important. Decisions taken by the Indonesian government are based on various considerations, such as economic, geographical, cultural and sociological. The research findings show that in the implementation, the President of Indonesia has taken various concrete steps that have major implications on different sectors. This ultimately led the country to achieve success in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Cisadane Watershed is in a critical state, which has expanded residential areas upstream of Cisadane. Changes in land use and cover can impact a region's hydrological characteristics. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a hydrological model that can simulate the hydrological characteristics of the watershed affected by land use. This study aims to evaluate the impact of land use change on the hydrological characteristics of the Cisadane watershed using SWAT under different land use scenarios. The models were calibrated and validated, and the results showed satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated streamflow. The main river channel is based on the results of the watershed delineation process, with the watershed boundary consisting of 85 sub-watersheds. The hydrological characteristics showed that the maximum flow rate (Q max) was 12.30 m³/s, and the minimum flow rate (Q min) was 5.50 m³/s. The study area's distribution of future land use scenarios includes business as usual (BAU), protecting paddy fields (PPF), and protecting forest areas (PFA). The BAU scenario had the worst effect on hydrological responses due to the decreasing forests and paddy fields. The PFA scenario yielded the most favourable hydrological response, achieving a notable reduction from the baseline BAU in surface flow, lateral flow, and groundwater by 2%, 7%, and 2%, respectively. This was attributed to enhanced water infiltration, alongside increases in water yield and evapotranspiration of 3% and 15%, respectively. l Therefore, it is vital to maintain green vegetation and conserve land to support sustainable water availability.

The use of green bonds as a financial instrument to support sustainable development has become a major focus in Indonesia. However, the success of green bond implementation not only depends on market willingness but also on public policies that support and regulate its use. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the impact of public policies on the use of green bonds in Indonesia and how these policies can influence sustainable development. Public policy theory and sustainable development theory are the basis of analysis in this research. Public policy theory is used to understand how public policies are formed, implemented, and evaluated. Meanwhile, sustainable development theory is used to evaluate the impact of public policies on sustainable development. This research uses a qualitative approach with public policy analysis as the main method. Data are collected from various sources, including policy documents, government reports, and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The analysis results show that public policies have a significant impact on the use of green bonds in Indonesia. These policies cover various aspects, such as regulation, incentives, and government support. Additionally, these policies also influence how green bonds are used to support sustainable development in Indonesia. In order to promote sustainable development, it is important for the Indonesian government to continue developing and strengthening public policies that support the use of green bonds. This will help improve the success.

The urgency of urban health in Indonesia is very worrying because most of Indonesia’s population now lives in urban areas with minimal supporting infrastructure. That prompted this study to analyze the government’s response to the healthy city development plan in the new capital city. This study uses a qualitative approach that focuses on thematic analysis. It helps check official government documents related to healthy city development plans. The relevant documents that were found were in the form of regulations. This regulation is Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2022 concerning the National Capital (Ibu Kota Negara, IKN). This official document was coded by maximizing the analysis tool, namely NVivo 12 Plus. This study succeeded in mapping several bare references in the healthy city development plan for the new capital city by the Indonesian government. Some of these primary references include the healthy city model (World Health Organization, WHO), the healthy city strategy (Cardiff), and (Vancouver). All of these primary references aim to improve the quality of life of residents in cities through city development that focuses on health. However, there are several challenges that the Indonesian government may face in the future, including problems with air pollution, environmentally friendly transportation, and the provision of green public spaces, health facilities, universal health services, and other infrastructure. This all requires adequate capacity and budget plans, including ensuring transparency in budget management. This study also encourages collaboration between the government, the private sector, and civil society to support the development of healthy cities that run well and sustainably.

This study analyzes the highly disruptive transportation business in Indonesia. The purpose of observation is to completely synthesize disruptive transportation that causes bad externalities in society. Data sources come from primary data of interviews and secondary data of related literature. The research method uses critical qualitative with a combination of in-depth interviews with several stakeholders. Key findings suggest that trust, consistency, capital ownership and proximity of new entrants to incumbents are important in disruptive innovation processes, empirical implications that transportation in Indonesia has undergone a definite economic shift. The results showed that although the government has publicly expressed its full support for any individual who will develop a business in the digital economy model, it is not effective enough to be consistent in the transportation business. Policy recommendations include adaptive training incentive programs for incumbent groups and accelerated funding assistance for new entrant groups, in addition to strengthening active collaboration between the government and the private sector is urgently needed.