This study applies machine learning methods such as Decision Tree (CART) and Random Forest to classify drought intensity based on meteorological data. The goal of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods for drought classification and their use in water resource management and agriculture. The methodology involved using two machine learning models that analyzed temperature and humidity indicators, as well as wind speed indicators. The models were trained and tested on real meteorological data to assess their accuracy and identify key factors affecting predictions. Results showed that the Random Forest model achieved the highest accuracy of 94.4% when analyzing temperature and humidity indicators, while the Decision Tree (CART) achieved an accuracy of 93.2%. When analyzing wind speed indicators, the models’ accuracies were 91.3% and 93.0%, respectively. Feature importance revealed that atmospheric pressure, temperature at 2 m, and wind speed are key factors influencing drought intensity. One of the study’s limitations was the insufficient amount of data for high drought levels (classes 4 and 5), indicating the need for further data collection. The innovation of this study lies in the integration of various meteorological parameters to build drought classification models, achieving high prediction accuracy. Unlike previous studies, our approach demonstrates that using a wide range of meteorological data can significantly improve drought classification accuracy. Significant findings include the necessity to expand the dataset and integrate additional climatic parameters to improve models and enhance their reliability.

The development of the personal innovative competences in workers is of capital importance for the competitiveness of organizations, where the ability of the employees must respond in an innovative way to diverse situations that arise in specific contexts. Considering this, the question arises: How do innovative employees' competences affect the sustainable development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)? Therefore, the objective of this work is to present a multi-criteria method based on the Analytic Network Process (ANP), to relate innovative personal competences and the sustainable development of MSMEs. An instrument was applied to groups of experts from 31 Ecuadorian fruit-exporting MSMEs, to develop a multi-criteria decisional network that allowed identifying the innovative personal abilities that have the greatest impact on the sustainable development of these organizations. The results demonstrate the relevance of the elements of innovative personal competencies, with a cumulative participation of 39.15%, Sustainable Export Development with 32.18% and Improvements with 28.66%. It also presents three types of analysis: i) Global to establish the weight of each variable; ii) Influences, to establish solid cause-effect relationships between the variables and iii) Integrated. The most relevant innovative personal competences for sustainable development and improvements for exporting SMEs are teamwork, critical thinking, and creativity within the international context.

In the context of globalization and integration of world markets, import operations occupy an important place in the activities of enterprises, forming a significant part of their economic processes. Effective management of these operations requires accurate and timely accounting and high-quality auditing, which becomes especially relevant in modern conditions. The study of methodological features of accounting and auditing of import operations is a relevant and timely area that helps improve the quality of financial reporting and management decisions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the problems and prospects of methodological features of accounting and audit of import operations, as well as to develop recommendations for their improvement. The study examined the main methodological approaches, existing problems and challenges, and proposed solutions aimed at increasing the efficiency and reliability of accounting and auditing in a global economy. The improvement of methodological approaches to the accounting and auditing of import operations will improve the accuracy and reliability of financial reporting, reduce the risks of non-compliance with regulatory requirements, as well as improve management decision-making and the overall financial stability of companies. The development and implementation of effective accounting and auditing methods that comply with international standards and best practices will minimize financial risks and increase the competitiveness of enterprises in the global market. A study of the problems and prospects of methodological features of accounting and auditing of import operations has revealed a number of key issues that require attention and solutions. The main challenges are the complexity and diversity of regulatory requirements, currency fluctuations, the diversity of imported goods and services, difficulties in assessing and recognizing imported goods, and the lack of qualified specialists.

There are several methods in the literature to find the fuzzy optimal solution of fully fuzzy linear programming (FFLP) problems. However, in all these methods, it is assumed that the product of two trapezoidal (triangular) fuzzy numbers will also be a trapezoidal (triangular) fuzzy number. Fan et al. (“Generalized fuzzy linear programming for decision making under uncertainty: Feasibility of fuzzy solutions and solving approach”, Information Sciences, Vol. 241, pp. 12–27, 2013) proposed a method for finding the fuzzy optimal solution of FFLP problems without considering this assumption. In this paper, it is shown that the method proposed by Fan et al. (2013) suffer from errors and to overcome these errors, a new method (named as Mehar method) is proposed for solving FFLP problems by modifying the method proposed by Fan et al. (2013) . To illustrate the proposed method, some numerical problems are solved.

With the acceleration of economic development and urban construction, urban security accidents have occurred around the world with alarming frequency, causing serious casualties and economic losses. Urban security planning and management as emerging areas of research have drawn widespread attention. For city development plans, urban security planning and management have become one of major topics. This paper first outlines the principles of urban security planning and management, combined with the construction of a digital and intelligent platform for urban emergency management. This research then analyzes the core technology and equipment support system of urban security management and its practical application. It also presents a new model based on urban security planning and management, followed by examples of its application in some mega infrastructure development for security planning and design (for example, Singapore Changi Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao Airport Transportation Hub). Additionally, a blast protection concept of urban security planning and management is provided.

This research aims to solve the research problems regarding the most important value of an object in the form of the wedangan phenomenon. This research objectives to expose the superiority of the communities’ food consumption tradition in the form of wedangan. This research belongs to a qualitative study and uses ethnomethodology as an initial approach. It is because the initial data findings are in the form of an indexical conversation that explicitly refers to the concept of wedangan. The concept refers to wedangan in real life, which is in the form of eating and drinking activities while chatting. The research findings are: 1) the most profound structure of wedangan’s tradition is food provision and food eating; 2) wedangan accommodates three forms (food stall, street food, and restaurant); 3) wedangan also accommodates three food values (delightful, useful, and meritorious); and 4) there is an egalitarian consumption pattern in wedangan, people regardless their social class visiting the same place, eat the same food, being simple and be ordinary (or usually we call it as food marriage). Wedangan is a social activity with advantages from a social, economic, and political perspective. Therefore, this phenomenon requires more serious attention from the government.