The study looks into how governance qualities of decentralized governments mediate the impacts of decentralization on development. Based on a set-oriented approach, the study analyzed data from a nation-wide survey conducted with business managers from all provinces in Indonesia, and found evidence that, despite the country’s uniform decentralization reform, individual provinces exhibited great variation in the qualities of their various physical and institutional infrastructures. Notably, these qualities assumed nested relations, with order and security as well as accountability and rule of law seemingly being the preconditions of basic infrastructure provision as well as local governments’ coordination. Moreover, business investment decisions (measured as staff expansion and product innovation) were found to vary with some specific combinations of these infrastructural conditions. The result provides evidence supporting the argument that both physical and institutional infrastructures are instrumental to realize the supposed benefits of decentralization and supports the recent call of the literature to look into the political-institutional complex in the process of decentralization reform.

The complex interactions of industrial Policy, structural transformation, economic growth, and competitive strategy within regional industries are examined in this research. Using a dynamic capabilities framework, the study examines the mediating roles of organizational innovation and adaptability in the link between competitiveness and macroeconomic variables. A two-way fixed effects model is used in this study to examine the influence of structural transformation (ST) on Industrial Policy (IP). Using regional data covering the years 2010 to 2022, the research undertaken in this paper explores the dynamics of the Indonesian economy by empirically assessing the consequences of structural change on industrial Policy. In order to establish a comprehensive model that clarifies the mechanisms through which industrial policies and structural shifts impact the development of dynamic capabilities, ultimately influencing competitiveness strategies, this research draws on a large amount of empirical data and integrates insights from seminal works. Our research adds to our knowledge of strategic management in regional industries by providing detailed information on how economic development and policy interventions influence businesses’ ability to adapt and gain a competitive edge. In addition to advancing scholarly discourse, this study offers business executives and politicians valuable insights for managing the intricacies of global economic processes.

The new cases of HIV/AIDS are being reported in Indonesia tend to increase. for over two decades, the Indonesian government has issued policies to reduce the number of cases through several ministries and local governments, but the results have not indicated signs of success. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the failure of prevention policies to improve policymaking in the future. It focuses on policy and institutional substance aspects using a qualitative design with documentary analysis approach. The results show that the policy failure in dealing with cases is caused by inappropriate rationalization, medicalization, and weak institutional and regulatory roles. Based on these descriptions, stakeholders are expected to emphasize a multi-perspective and holistic approach and rationalize policy objectives with institutional capacity. Moreover, the government needs to increase public and community involvement, strengthening the role of religious leaders and the media, and increase public literacy regarding HIV/AIDS.

The Cisadane Watershed is in a critical state, which has expanded residential areas upstream of Cisadane. Changes in land use and cover can impact a region's hydrological characteristics. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a hydrological model that can simulate the hydrological characteristics of the watershed affected by land use. This study aims to evaluate the impact of land use change on the hydrological characteristics of the Cisadane watershed using SWAT under different land use scenarios. The models were calibrated and validated, and the results showed satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated streamflow. The main river channel is based on the results of the watershed delineation process, with the watershed boundary consisting of 85 sub-watersheds. The hydrological characteristics showed that the maximum flow rate (Q max) was 12.30 m³/s, and the minimum flow rate (Q min) was 5.50 m³/s. The study area's distribution of future land use scenarios includes business as usual (BAU), protecting paddy fields (PPF), and protecting forest areas (PFA). The BAU scenario had the worst effect on hydrological responses due to the decreasing forests and paddy fields. The PFA scenario yielded the most favourable hydrological response, achieving a notable reduction from the baseline BAU in surface flow, lateral flow, and groundwater by 2%, 7%, and 2%, respectively. This was attributed to enhanced water infiltration, alongside increases in water yield and evapotranspiration of 3% and 15%, respectively. l Therefore, it is vital to maintain green vegetation and conserve land to support sustainable water availability.

The Government of Indonesia has modernized the toll road transaction system by implementing the multi-lane free-flow (MLFF) project, set to operate commercially by the end of 2024. This project leverages Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology to identify vehicles using toll roads and establish a transaction mechanism that allows the MLFF Project Company to charge road users according to distance, vehicle category, and tariff levels. The project has result in a complex business arrangement between the Indonesia National Toll Road Authority (INTRA), Toll Road Companies (TRCs), and the MLFF Project Company. The aim of this paper is to review the regulatory and institutional framework of the MLFF project and analyze its challenges. The methodology employed is a qualitative framework for legal research, utilizing international literature reviews and current regulatory frameworks. The study assesses the proposed transaction architecture of the project and identifies commercial, political, and other risks associated with its implementation. Based on the analysis, the research identifies opportunities for regulatory improvements and better contracting arrangements. This research provides valuable insights into the regulatory landscape and offers policy recommendations for the Government to mitigate the identified risks. This contribution is significant to the academic field as it enhances understanding regulatory and institutional challenges in implementing advanced toll road systems.

The Circular Economy (CE) concept has been recognized as the core strategy that can support sustainable business through technological innovation that enables CE transition by focusing on resource savings. This case study conducts research on business strategy in achieving CE transition in an agroindustry company, by performing SWOT analysis to assess internal and external factors. The SWOT model provides valuable results that an effective strategy could maximize strengths and opportunities, minimize weaknesses and threats in business by boosting circularity on business-critical factors. The CE adoption by agroindustry company mostly focuses on efficient organic waste management, energy-efficient production, and production process. This study case reveals that while technology plays a significant role in advancing CE, there is still a significant need to pay attention to the social aspect in supporting the creation of worker-owned cooperatives by creating space for employee involvement in finding innovations and adopting technology in business transition into CE process. Social innovation through the involvement of employees by sharing CE vision, synergizing and optimizing internal potential, and building up the green innovation culture has created an internal conducive climate to put CE principle into practice. Further result shows that a labor-intensive company’s business strategy prioritizes employment and job security over maximizing profits, which directly leads to the economic welfare and social protection of the business operation that makes an inclusive business.