Homelessness is a global social issue that has affected various nations around the world, including South Africa. The instances of homelessness began during the apartheid era in South Africa and have since risen to alarming levels in provinces such as Gauteng, Western Cape, and KwaZulu-Natal, as reported in the 2022 census. Despite the lack of comprehensive research on homelessness in South Africa, this study conducted a scoping review to evaluate research completed on homelessness from independence to 2020 in the country. The scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved a systematic search of the Development Southern Africa and Urban Forum databases. A total of 72 research articles were identified, with 10 meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review, which were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The study identified several key themes, including homelessness as a reflection of patriarchal systems, gender-based conflicts leading to homelessness, proactive and reactive interventions by non-state actors for homeless individuals, and the quantitative focus of research on homelessness in South Africa from independence to the present day. The study presents the applicability of these findings to tackle homelessness in Papua New Guinea and recommends the use of mixed methods approaches to research homelessness in South Africa to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the various dimensions of homelessness in the country.

This paper revisits the analysis on the effect of cross-cultural awareness and self-efficacy, which are both significant constructs in today’s globalized world. People are expected to have both a high level of self-efficacy and a strong sense of cross-cultural awareness due to the growing frequency of cross-cultural interactions. For fields like education, psychology, and cross-cultural communication, it can be very crucial to comprehend how cross-cultural awareness affects self-efficacy. 60 relevant articles were found after a thorough assessment of the literature on the subject using thematic analysis of the CNKI and Google Scholar databases. Ten major themes were found in the review: 1) the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness, 2) the current situation of students’ cross-cultural awareness, 3) the importance of cross-cultural awareness, 4) the relationship between self-efficacy and academic achievement, 5) the relationship between learning self-efficacy and influencing factors, 6) the relationship between cross-cultural awareness and self-efficacy, 7) the relationship between self-efficacy and cross-cultural adaptation, 8) cultural factors affecting learning self-efficacy, 9) the effect of social environment on individual self-efficacy, and 10) the relationship between cultural expectations and self-efficacy. The findings of this review demonstrate how crucial cross-cultural understanding is to the growth of self-efficacy. The design of educational and training programs aiming at boosting cross-cultural knowledge and self-efficacy will also be significantly impacted by this review.

In response to the increasing youth unemployment rate and the demand for future-oriented career development, university student entrepreneurship has emerged as a critical domain in both economic policy and education. This study conducts a comprehensive literature review to examine the interrelationships between entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial competency, and entrepreneurial intention among university students, with an emphasis on the Human Resource Development (HRD) perspective. The review reveals that entrepreneurial mindset significantly influences students’ intention to start a business, while entrepreneurship education contributes both directly and indirectly through the development of entrepreneurial competencies. Entrepreneurial competencies serve as a practical foundation for translating intention into action and are integral to HRD’s goal of competency-based talent development. The study further highlights that entrepreneurship education aligned with HRD principles—such as experiential learning, self-directed development, and learning organization frameworks—can foster employability and self-employment capacity. This integrative analysis suggests that university entrepreneurship programs should not be seen merely as policy instruments, but rather as strategic HRD initiatives for developing future-ready, opportunity-creating human capital. Implications for educational design, policy development, and future empirical research are discussed.

Intellectual capital is the sum of whatever organizational resources contribute to the value and competitiveness of a company. Though some metrics have been developed for measuring individual and collective capabilities, from a human resources point of view, it is difficult to translate the concept of intellectual capital" into, for example, financial terms. To better understand the field, the aim of this study is to draw a thematic analysis on the relations between intellectual capital and human resources. We provide an overview of publications and their courses on this subject. We accessed two widely used databases (Scopus and Web of Science) to produce the review. We set a period of 26 years, marked by the subject's theme entry. In order to handle duplicates, we used RStudio Software, and to manage the data, we used the Bibliometrix package tools (biblioshiny and thematic map). Our analysis revealed how intellectual capital and human resources are important for generating value in organizations. Some results explore innovative ways of managing these resources, such as integrating technological, commercial, organizational, and cultural aspects, using dynamic systems modeling, investing in long-term strategies and in education and training, and studying the relationship between green intellectual capital and green human resources management.

Natural water purification system especially constructed has been commonly employed in Taiwan and worldwide nowadays. This paper has reviewed several papers written by the author.

This research systematically reviews the relationship between populism and economic policies, analyzing their impact on state development and growth. It is the first study to comprehensively examine the interaction between these two concepts through a systematic literature review. The review process adhered to the PRISMA protocol, utilizing the Scopus, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases, covering the period from 2012 to 2024. The findings reveal a deep interconnection between populism and economic policies, with significant implications for governance and socioeconomic well-being. The review identifies that neoliberal populism combines pro-corporate elements with populist rhetoric, favoring economic elites while presenting itself as beneficial for the “people.” Additionally, it underscores that neoliberal globalization has facilitated market liberalization but also increased inequality and undermined national sovereignty. The review concludes that while populism may offer quick fixes to immediate economic issues, its simplistic and polarizing approaches can be counterproductive in the long term. Thus, there is a critical need to reevaluate and reformulate economic and governance policies to balance global economic integration with the protection of citizens’ rights and well-being.