This study examines the interplay between eco-friendly behaviour (Eco-FB) at multiple systemic levels, addressing the complexity beyond the scope of single-level models. We propose a comprehensive model incorporating traditional individual, organizational, and relational level concepts and a situational construct exemplified by Bali Island Recognition. This model was tested in Bali Island’s tourism firms through online and offline surveys of 500 tourism-related employees and their gateway communities across Bali Island. The research investigates the differences in pro-environmental conduct between two destinations’ social accountability (DSA) groups categorized as high and low DSA clusters. It further explores how ecological value, green intelligence, DSA, and sustainable travel affect public and private Eco-FB. The findings indicate that green intelligence has a strong positive connection with Eco-FB, and high DSA significantly impacts eco-friendly behaviour. This research enhances our understanding of Eco-FB by presenting a multilevel model incorporating the Bali Island factor, revealing distinctive impact mechanisms for both public and private Eco-FB.

Sustainable development has attracted widespread attention worldwide, and the circular economy has become one of the essential policies of many countries. Small and medium-sized enterprises are important drivers of world economic growth and can significantly impact the environment. Therefore, SMEs are critical players in implementing a circular economy as the basis for creating a sustainable society. Although a wealth of research on SME environmental management issues can be found in the literature, more must be known about the infusion of green practices in SMEs. The primary purpose of this study is to explore the green practice infusion of Taiwanese SMEs, a context that is particularly relevant due to Taiwan’s strong focus on environmental sustainability and its circular economy industrial development policy. Through a questionnaire survey, this study examined the factors that influence green practice infusion behavior in Taiwanese SMEs and the impact of green practice infusion on circular economy performance. The findings show that the relative advantages and compatibility of the circular economy, organizational support, human resource quality, regulatory pressure, and government support significantly impact the green practice infusion of Taiwanese SMEs. The effects of complexity, customer pressure, and environmental uncertainty on SMEs’ infusion of green practices are not statistically significant. Circular economy performance is positively correlated with green practice infusion. This study can broaden the research scope of SMEs’ environmental management and contribute to a deeper understanding of SMEs’ green practice infusion and circular economy.

Modern agricultural production technologies based on the widespread use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers have largely solved the problem of providing the population with food, and at the same time have generated multiple ecological, medical and environmental problems, problems of environmentally friendly and biologically valuable food products, land rehabilitation, restoration of their fertility, etc. Therefore, the emergence of new classes of pesticides with different mechanisms of action, high selectivity and low toxicity for warm-blooded animals is very modern. Currently, the development and application of new plant protection products that are not toxic to humans and animals is of global importance. Priority is given to research aimed at creating plant protection products based on microorganisms and their metabolites, as well as the search for plant substances with potential pesticide activity. In this regard, the question arose of finding new safe fertilizers that can also be economically profitable for production on an industrial scale. One of the current trends in this industry is the use of green microalgae. In this regard, the purpose of our research is the possibility of cultivating green microalgae on phosphorus production waste. During the work, traditional and modern research methods in biology were used. As a result of the work, several problems can be solved, such as the disposal of industrial waste and the production of safe biological fertilizer.

This research explores the impact of employee green behavior on green transformational leadership (GTL) and green human resource management (GHRM), and their subsequent effects on sustainable performance within organizations. Utilizing a sample of 482 environmental quality promotion departments across Thailand, the study employs stratified random sampling to ensure representative data collection. Analysis was conducted using SPSS software, applying Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to test the hypothesized relationships between the variables. The findings reveal a positive and significant influence of employee green behavior on both GTL and GHRM. Additionally, both GTL and GHRM are found to positively correlate with sustainable performance, indicating that enhanced leadership and management practices in the environmental domain can lead to better sustainability outcomes. This research utilizes the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity (AMO) theory as its theoretical framework, illustrating how organizations can leverage strategic HRM practices to promote environmental consciousness and action among employees, thereby enhancing their long-term sustainability success. Implications of this study underscore the importance of integrating green practices into leadership and HRM strategies, advocating for targeted training programs and energy conservation measures to boost environmental awareness and performance in the workplace. This contributes to the literature on sustainable performance by providing empirical evidence of the pathways through which green HRM and transformational leadership foster a sustainable organizational environment.