This longitudinal study is dedicated to the evaluation of the comprehensive impact of educational reforms through a mixed research methodology which is a combination of the quantitative- and qualitative-oriented research methods to check the students' outcomes. Data was collected in the span of [mention the time frame] from various data sources for instance standardized test scores, school performance statistics, and through open-ended qualitative evaluation from both students and teachers. Data analysis carried on after the reforms had been put in place revealed that there was a considerable rise in mean test scores and success graduation rates. Therefore, formative evaluation demonstrates the need for implementing reforms that will eventually help the students in boosting academic performance. Besides, there is no difference among investor opinions on teachers, administrators, and students who are involved with the implementation of the reforms. Stakeholders manifest this new assistance as an outcome of lasting improvements in curriculum quality, methods of teaching, and student participation. The study approaches two main challenges that are confronted with education reform that is resourcelessness and to society the change of the educational system can be more suitable for the students to excel academically and it can have an impact on the whole community. Even though this study makes important advancements toward the realization of the complex education implementation process and its effect on student academics, there are elements in which it can be criticized. Both quantitative and qualitative performance improvement is important as well as all the important stakeholder participation. This way the transformation process becomes layered. In other words, these results point to the necessity of planning interventions for longer periods that target the challenges and the forces that maintain the low levels of education performance by the counties.

This study explores benefits, barriers and willingness to pay for bike-sharing service in tourism context. Based on a sample of 800 individuals who visited Da Nang, Vietnam between July and August 2023, trends in the barriers and benefits related to bike-sharing service from tourists’ point-of-view were explored. The results show that bike-sharing is appreciated for many reasons, notably for its fun/relaxing, cost saving, ease of city exploration, and promotion of better physical and mental health. However, bike-sharing services are considerably less likely to be viewed as options for faster transportation to a destination or reducing traffic hazards. Notably, eighty-six percent of non-riders indicated contentment with their existing transportation options and a lack of interest in bike-sharing services, a proportion significantly higher than any other group. Predictably, barriers related to the availability of bike-sharing and infrastructure, such as lack of sufficient number of shared bikes, far destination, and poor road conditions were notably more likely to be selected by one-time riders. The results are also evident that a significant portion of tourists is willing to pay to enhance their tourist experience with a bike-sharing service. On average, tourists were willing to pay $0.92 per hour (with a standard deviation of $0.24). This amount reflects the tourists’ recognition of the value added to their mode experience. These findings suggest that bike-sharing service play a significant role in fulfilling an essential transportation niche and have the potential to contribute to enhance tourists’ experience. Efforts aimed at addressing barriers associated with bike-sharing usage could further enhance their contribution to improve tourist satisfaction and boost attraction demand.

This research presents a comprehensive model for enhancing the road network in Thailand to achieve high efficiency in transportation. The objective is to develop a systematic approach for categorizing roads that aligns with usage demands and responsible agencies. This alignment facilitates the creation of interconnected routes, which ensure clear responsibility demarcation and foster efficient budget allocation for road maintenance. The findings suggest that a well-structured road network, combined with advanced information and communication technology, can significantly enhance the economic competitiveness of Thailand. This model not only proposes a framework for effective road classification but also outlines strategic initiatives for leveraging technology to achieve transportation efficiency and safety.

The government’s land registration program aims to protect communities from future land disputes. However, lack of community support presents challenges to its process and implementation. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, this article examines these challenges from the community’s perspective, focusing on land registration, community participation, and implementation dynamics. It suggests that learning from these dynamics can enhance the program’s effectiveness, highlighting the need for a systematic approach to community involvement.

The need for strategic alignment within HR management increased managers' concern about individual behavior and how this behavior was related to the achievement of goals. In public management, effectively managing employees' performance has been necessary since Weber's bureaucratic administration. The individual performance appraisal is the right tool to assess employees' competencies. Thus, we proposed the following research question: Which factors, as pointed out by theory, have the most significant influence on the individual performance appraisal process? The quantitative method was applied to answer this question, developing and testing a scale via EFA and a hypothetical model via SEM-CB. The results indicated a scale with 25 items able to access the main points of the IPA process and a hypothetical model with 7 constructs that indicate the influence on employee engagement. The main finding is the significant influence of feedback on the whole process. The main theoretical contribution was the construction of the MIPAS scale, and the practical contribution was to identify the points where managers should focus on improving the IPA process with their subordinates.

China’s annual government work report (GWR) contains terms with Chinese characteristics (TCC), reflecting unique policy frameworks. Translating these terms into English poses significant challenges due to cultural disparities between China and the West. This paper examines the English translation methods used for such terms, using the 2020 GWR as a case study, aiming to provide valuable insights for future translation practices.