Current study examines the intervening role of team creativity for the relationship of four kinds of KM practice with innovation and the moderating effect of proactiveness in IT companies based on a Knowledge-Based View (KBV). Data was collected from 316 employees of IT companies who engage in software development in teams with the help of a simple random sampling method. Results indicate that KM practices have a positive impact on innovation. Also, team creativity plays mediating role in the relation of two KM practices i.e., knowledge sharing and knowledge application with innovation. Whereas proactiveness plays a positive moderating role in the relation of knowledge application and knowledge generation with innovation. Moreover, it plays a negative moderating role in relation of Knowledge sharing with innovation. This research adds to the body of literature by suggesting a framework of knowledge diffusion, knowledge storage, knowledge generation, knowledge application, team creativity, proactiveness, and innovation in a single model. This research also adds to the body of literature by proposing the intervening role of team creativity in the relationships of knowledge diffusion, knowledge storage, knowledge generation, and knowledge application, with innovation. The results of this research help the managers to use the team creativity concept to intervene in relation of knowledge diffusion, knowledge storage, knowledge generation, and knowledge application, with innovation. The results of the current study also give valuable insights to managers into why they can use the proactiveness to moderate the relations of knowledge diffusion, knowledge storage, knowledge generation, and knowledge application, with innovation. Current study adds in the body of literature by proposing the entire manuscript on the basis of two theories i.e., Knowledge-Based View (KBV) builds on and expands the RBV.

The operational performance of container ports is crucial for efficient logistics and trade. However, there is limited understanding of how external integration through Customer and Supplier Integration (SCI-CI and SCI-SI) impacts port operational performance (POP), particularly in emerging markets like Oman. This study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between SCI-CI, SCI-SI, and POP, and explores the mediating role of supply chain management (SCM) practices in this context. Using the Resource-Based View (RBV) as the theoretical framework, the study employed a quantitative cross-sectional survey method. A total of 377 questionnaires were distributed to managers at Sohar and Salalah ports, with 331 usable responses obtained, representing an 88 percent response rate. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that SCI-CI and SCI-SI have significant direct and indirect positive effects on POP, and they directly influence SCM practices. SCM practices, in turn, significantly enhance POP. Notably, SCM practices partially mediate the relationship between SCI-CI and SCI-SI with POP. These findings underscore the strategic importance of external integration and SCM practices as internal resources for improving port performance. This research provides valuable insights for decision-makers and policymakers in optimizing port operations.

Over the last few decades, demographic growth combined with poorly controlled urbanization has confronted African cities with a variety of environmental protection challenges. As part of a gradual awareness-raising process, African countries have ratified conventions and adopted a series of laws to protect the environment. Since independence (1960), Gabon has adopted legal instruments to provide a better framework for environmental protection. Despite the existence of well-developed legislation, the Libreville conurbation faces difficulties in waste management. This situation contributes to the degradation of the coastal zone. This study aims to analyse stakeholders’ perceptions of environmental protection regulations in solid waste management practices along the coastline of the Libreville metropolitan area in Gabon. The methodology includes documentary research, field observations, and surveys of 300 study area participants. The results show that the degradation of the coastline is due to a lack of awareness and compliance with the laws governing environmental protection and waste management. As a result, waste disposal practices such as dumping in nature, waterways, illegal dumps, and gutters are commonplace among the population. To achieve sustainable coastal zone management, it is essential to apply regulatory texts and involve stakeholders in improving planning and the quality of the coastal environment.