Taking the 13 years pure artificial forest Phoebe chekiangensis and heterogeneous mixed forests in Tiantong mountain, Zhejiang Province as the research object, the characteristics of stand development, tree competition differentiation, tree height/breast diameter ratio and dominant wood growth were compared and analyzed from the perspective of ecology. The results show that compared with pure forests, the growth advantages of heterogeneous mixed-age forests were significant. Average breast diameter growth of stand increased 1.8%; the growth of single plant wood accumulation increased 7.4%. The relationship between tree height and diameter showed that the high growth of Phoebe chekiangensis individuals in the heterogeneous mixed forest was significantly promoted, and the high growth of the tree was 8.4% higher than that of pure forest. 1–5 grade wood scale sizes Phoebe chekiangensis in heterogeneous mixed forests and pure forests are ranked grade 3 (43.7%) > grade 2 (26.5%) > grade 4 (15.7%) > grade 1 (12.9%) > grade 5 (1.2%); grade 3 (34.7%) > level 2 (25.6%) > level 4 (20.0%) > level 1 (18.2%) > level 5 (1.2%); the straight-diameter structure shows a normal distribution, and the degree of differentiation of pure forests is greater than that of heterogeneous forests. The dominant trees of Phoebe chekiangensis pure forest and heterogeneous forest accounted for 18.2% and 12.9% of the total number of plants respectively, providing a reserve of 51.1% and 35.4% respectively, reflecting the contribution of dominant trees caused by the self-thinning effect.

Based on 898 English documents and 363 Chinese documents citing the Rising of Network Society, it studied that the knowledge contribution of citation content analysis and citation context analysis methods, and the knowledge contribution of Chinese and foreign quotations to human geography. The study found that “mobile space” is the most quoted theoretical view in domestic and foreign literature, and the proportion of domestic research is significantly higher than foreign research; the focus of domestic and foreign research focuses on the external spatial form and its transformation, while foreign research pays more attention on the internal spatial dynamics of network society and three types of knowledge contributions, reflecting the influence of “network social theory” on human geography. Among them, critical references reveal the shortcomings of “network social theory” point out the abstraction of “spatial duality” the importance of local space, and the limitations of research data, methods, and time background, which provides new enlightenment for the future application and innovation of “network social theory” in the field of human geography.

One functional class is described in terms of one-sided modulus of continuity and the modulus of positive (negative) variation on which there
is a uniform convergence of the truncated cardinal Whittaker functions.

In this study, the author investigates the evolving role of women in corporate boardrooms historically dominated by men, aiming to discern whether their inclusion merely serves as symbolic representation or carries substantive impact. Using a narrative literature review methodology, the author meticulously examines the historical impediments women faced in leadership positions. The findings suggest that deep-seated societal biases, rather than a lack of capability, traditionally constrained women’s leadership trajectories. While some studies suggest that corporations with genuine gender diversity in leadership may outperform in financial outcomes and innovation, this advantage is not consistently observed across all contexts and industries, necessitating a cautious interpretation of these mixed and context-dependent findings. The study argues that women’s inclusion in boardrooms is a strategic imperative for modern corporations striving for resilience, adaptability, and sustained growth in an intricate global landscape, yet also recommends further research to fully understand the broader impacts of such diversity. Furthermore, the study offers practical strategies for enhancing gender diversity in corporate leadership.

Delay is the leading challenge in completing Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) projects. Delay can cause excess costs, which reduces company profits. The relationship between subcontractors and the main contractor is a critical factor that can support the success of an EPC project. The problematic financial condition of the main contractor can cause delay in payments to subcontractors. This research will set a model that combines the system dynamics and earned value method to describe the impact of subcontractor advance payments on project performance. The system dynamics method is used to model and analyze the impact of interactions between variables affecting project performance, while the earned value method is applied to quantitatively evaluate project performance and forecast schedule and cost outcomes. These two methods are used complementarily to achieve a holistic understanding of project dynamics and to optimize decision-making. The designed model selects the optimum scenario for project time and costs. The developed model comprises project performance, costs, cash flow, and performance forecasting sub-models. The novelty in this research is a new model for optimizing project implementation time and costs, adding payment rate variables to subcontractors and subcontractor performance rates. The designed model can provide additional information to assist project managers in making decisions.