Management and efficiency have a fundamental impact on the performance of public hospitals, as well as on their philanthropic mission. Various studies have shown that the financial weaknesses of these entities affect the planning, setting of goals and objectives, monitoring, evaluation and feedback necessary to improve health systems and guarantee accessibility as an inalienable right. This study aims to analyze the management and efficiency of third-level and/or high-complexity hospitals in Colombia, through a statistical model that uses financial analysis and key performance indicators (KPIs) such as ROA, ROE and EBITDA. A non-experimental cross-sectional design is used, with an analytical-synthetic, documentary, exploratory and descriptive approach. The results show financial deficiencies in the hospitals evaluated; hence it is recommended to make adjustments in the operating cycle to increase efficiency rates. In addition, the use of the KPIs ROA and ROE under adjusted models is suggested for a more precise analysis of the financial ratios, since these adequately explain the variability of each indicator and are appropriate to evaluate hospital management and efficiency, but not in EBITDA ratio, hence the latter is not recommended to evaluate hospital efficiency reliably. This study provides relevant information for public health policy makers, hospital managers and researchers, in order to promote the efficiency and improvement of health services.

In order to assess the effects of e-learning integration on university performance and competitiveness, this study uses Oman as a model for the Gulf. Analyzing how e-learning impacts technology integration, diversity, community engagement, infrastructure, financial strength, institutional reputation, student outcomes, research and innovation, and academic quality can reveal whether universities are effectively incorporating digital tools to enhance teaching and learning. By offering a framework for comparable institutions in the Gulf area, this study provides insights into optimizing e-learning techniques to improve university performance and competitiveness. This study uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a dataset comprising 424 participants and 55 indicators, analyzed using both measurement and structural models. The results of the hypothesis testing, which indicate that e-learning has a positive effect on factors like student outcomes (B = 0.080, t = 2.859, P = 0.004) and institutional reputation (B = 0.058, t = 2.770, P = 0.005), lend credence to these beliefs. Omani universities need culturally sensitive e-learning, stronger institutional support, and training to enhance diversity (B = 0.002, t = 0.456, P = 0.647) and technology integration (B = −0.009, t = 0.864, P = 0.387). These improvements increase the visibility of Gulf institutions abroad, attracting the best students from all around the world and fostering an inclusive learning atmosphere. Financially speaking, e-learning offers reasonably priced solutions such as digital libraries and virtual laboratories, which are especially beneficial in a region where education plays a major role in socioeconomic development.

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the meaning of sport analysis, explore the contributions derived from sporting event analysts, and highlights the importance of responsible sport gambling. It also investigates how sustainable practices can be integrated into sports analysis to enhance social well-being. Design/methodology/approach: Secondary text data from government documents, news articles, and website information were extracted by searching keywords such as sports lottery and sports analysis in traditional Chinese, and then analyzed to establish the research framework and scope. Subsequently, 18 interviews were conducted with stakeholders to gain deeper insights. Findings: The content analyses reveals that sport analysis tends to be sport data science. Sporting event analysts may contribute to improving the performance of players or a team, enhancing spectator sports, and increasing sports lottery revenues. In the leisure aspect, the professionalism of sporting event analysts not only increases epistemic and entertainment values in spectator sports but also boosts engagement with sport lotteries. To ensure these enhancements remain beneficial, it is vital to emphasize responsible sport gambling and sustainable practices that protect vulnerable groups and promote long-term health benefits for those involved in sports. The integration of sustainable practices in sport analysis and the expertise of sporting event analysts can significantly advance economic and social development by generating funds through sport lottery industry for athlete programs, sports infrastructure, and educational initiatives, aligning with multiple Sustainable Development Goals. Additionally, the professionalism of these analysts may enhance public understanding and engagement of sports, promoting increased participation in sports, reducing healthcare costs, and contributing to the development of a healthier and more resilient society. Originality: Emphasizing responsible sports gambling is essential to the sustainability of sports lotteries and the role of sporting event analysts.

This study investigates the influence of perceived value and perceived risk on consumer intentions to purchase counterfeit luxury goods, drawing upon an integrated theoretical framework encompassing perceived value theory, risk perception theory, and consumer behavior models. Through a quantitative research design involving a structured survey and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study examines the relationships among perceived value dimensions (functional, emotional, social, economic), perceived risk factors (financial, social, performance), consumer attitudes, and purchase intentions. The findings reveal that perceived value positively influences purchase intentions, with consumer attitudes acting as a critical mediating mechanism. Conversely, perceived risk negatively impacts purchase intentions, with this relationship also mediated by consumer attitudes. Furthermore, Bayesian Network analysis uncovers the indirect pathways through which perceived risk shapes purchase intentions via its influence on consumer attitudes. By integrating these theoretical frameworks and employing advanced analytical techniques, this study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the complex decision-making processes underlying counterfeit luxury goods consumption. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, luxury brand managers, and consumer protection agencies in devising targeted strategies to address consumer perceptions of value and risk, ultimately mitigating the proliferation of counterfeit luxury goods.

The global agreement on environmentally friendly policies puts pressure on businesses to implement good practices to increase legitimacy in a competitive environment. This research aims to examine business dynamic capabilities and value creation processes through the concept of green dynamic marketing capabilities. This concept addresses the ability of businesses to absorb, manage information and accumulate new knowledge that fuels innovative endeavors. The dynamic capability view and customer value theory are integrated to theoretically explain the value creation process of market-orientated innovative products. A total of 58 global companies in Clean200 were sampled. A quantitative approach was conducted to measure the effect of organizational learning (environment management team, environment management training, environment supply chain management) on green innovation (environmental innovation score, eco design product). The results showed that the contribution of Model-1 (0.473 or 47.3%) explained the effect of organizational learning on environmental innovation score, respectively on the variables of environment management team (2.859/0.005), environment management training (−2.971/0.003), and environment supply chain management (7.786/0.000). The contribution of Model-2 (0.448/44.8%) explains the effect of organizational learning on eco-design product, respectively on the variables of environment management team (4.280/0.000), environment management training (−6.401/0.000), and environment supply chain management (7.910/0.000). Model-3 tested the structural association variables in organizational learning and green innovation. A significant influence can be seen with a probability value smaller than 0.05. This research shows that the concept of green dynamic marketing capabilities can be used to explain the ability of businesses in response to the pressure of green global norms through the development of organizational learning towards creation of green innovation product that has impact on market performance. The implication of this research is the creation of new mindset in which green global norms challenge becomes an opportunity for businesses to improve competitiveness.

Introduction: Chatbots are increasingly utilized in education, offering real-time, personalized communication. While research has explored technical aspects of chatbots, user experience remains under-investigated. This study examines a model for evaluating user experience and satisfaction with chatbots in higher education. Methodology: A four-factor model (information quality, system quality, chatbot experience, user satisfaction) was proposed based on prior research. An alternative two-factor model emerged through exploratory factor analysis, focusing on “Chatbot Response Quality” and “User Experience and Satisfaction with the Chatbot.” Surveys were distributed to students and faculty at a university in Ecuador to collect data. Confirmatory factor analysis validated both models. Results: The two-factor model explained a significantly greater proportion of the data’s variance (55.2%) compared to the four-factor model (46.4%). Conclusion: This study suggests that a simpler model focusing on chatbot response quality and user experience is more effective for evaluating chatbots in education. Future research can explore methods to optimize these factors and improve the learning experience for students.