This study examines the microeconomic determinants influencing remittance flows to Vietnam, considering factors such as gender (SEX), age (AGE), marital status (MS), income level (INC), educational level (EDU), financial status (FS), migration expenses (EXP), and foreign language proficiency (LAN). The study analyzes the impact of these factors on both the volume (REM_VL) and frequency of remittance flows (REM_FR), employing ordered logistic regression on survey data collected from Vietnamese migrants residing in Asia, Europe, the Americas, and Oceania. The estimations reveal that migrants’ income, age, educational level, and migration costs significantly positively influence remittance flows to Vietnam. Conversely, the financial status of migrants’ families in the home country negatively impacts these flows. Gender and migration costs primarily influence the frequency of remittance transfers, but they do not have a significant effect on the volume of remittances. Although foreign language proficiency was introduced as a novel variable of the models, it does not demonstrate any significant impact in this study. Furthermore, the survey data and regression estimates suggest that two primary motivations drive remittances to Vietnam: altruistic motives and implicit loan agreements. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of remittance e behavior, particularly in the context of Vietnam’s status as a major labor exporter. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and researchers seeking to optimize remittance flows and their impact on the Vietnamese economy. By understanding the complex interplay of factors influencing remittance behavior, policymakers can design effective strategies to support migrants and encourage increased remittance inflows, ultimately contributing to economic development and poverty reduction.

Sustainability has become increasingly important in recent decades and has become a key concept in various areas of society. The early integration of sustainability principles into education is of crucial importance, as the elementary school years represent a decisive phase in children's development. During this phase, fundamental values, attitudes, and behaviors are formed that will have a significant impact on later lives and the relationship with the environment. Elementary school offer a unique opportunity to reach people from different social backgrounds and thus impart a common basic knowledge that can serve as a basis for shaping a sustainable society. Elementary schools are therefore an ideal place to introduce children to the principles of sustainability and sensitize them to the challenges of the 21st century. The aim of the study is to explore the current state of sustainability education in elementary school. It takes a closer look at whether elementary school students are old enough to be confronted with sustainability, what methods already exist and what the challenges are in implementing sustainability education. The basis for the study is an online survey conducted at 60 different elementary school in the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg in Germany. In conclusion, while there is room for improvement, the survey results suggest a growing awareness of the significance of sustainability education in elementary schools. The findings call for targeted efforts to enhance curriculum integration, teacher training, and resource provision to promote a more sustainable and environmentally conscious generation of students in Baden-Wuerttemberg.

This study investigated changes in lifestyles and psychological anxiety among Koreans during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using the 2020 data from the nationwide Korean Community Health Survey. The study outcomes were psychological anxiety about the infection and death, due to COVID-19. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the relationship between psychological anxiety and lifestyle changes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people who practiced healthy behaviors and followed social distancing and quarantine regulations experienced increased psychological anxiety for infection and death. Daily life changes during the COVID-19 pandemic were not associated with psychological anxiety. The result of this study can provide baseline measures for further study on psychological anxiety during re-infection of COVID-19 and future pandemics in Korea.

Surveys are one of the most important tasks to be executed to get valued information. One of the main problems is how the data about many different persons can be processed to give good information about their environment. Modelling environments through Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is highly common because ANN’s are excellent to model predictable environments using a set of data. ANN’s are good in dealing with sets of data with some noise, but they are fundamentally surjective mathematical functions, and they aren’t able to give different results for the same input. So, if an ANN is trained using data where samples with the same input configuration has different outputs, which can be the case of survey data, it can be a major problem for the success of modelling the environment. The environment used to demonstrate the study is a strategic environment that is used to predict the impact of the applied strategies to an organization financial result, but the conclusions are not limited to this type of environment. Therefore, is necessary to adjust, eliminate invalid and inconsistent data. This permits one to maximize the probability of success and precision in modeling the desired environment. This study demonstrates, describes and evaluates each step of a process to prepare data for use, to improve the performance and precision of the ANNs used to obtain the model. This is, to improve the model quality. As a result of the studied process, it is possible to see a significant improvement both in the possibility of building a model as in its accuracy.

The Moroccan economy has undergone significant structural changes since the 1980s. Attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been a key strategy for the country’s economic growth and development, particularly in some specific high value-added sectors, such as the automotive supply industry. This paper uses the results of a survey to examine the reasons why multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the automotive supply sector set up in Morocco. Our findings show that proximity to Europe and labor costs and skills are the most important considerations for investing in this sector in Morocco. However, some institutional issues are still of concern to these MNEs.

The issue of quality of higher vocational education in China has become a common concern in all aspects of society, and promoting the improvement of the quality of education within higher vocational colleges is an important way to realize the high-quality development of higher vocational education. Based on the self-constructed five-dimensional model of factors influencing the improvement of the quality of education within higher vocational colleges, an empirical study was conducted using questionnaires and SPSS27.0 software on the teacher and student groups within 13 higher vocational colleges in Hainan Province, and the results showed that the teacher groups of different genders, titles, ages, academic qualifications and disciplines as well as the student groups of different genders and admission modes have different opinions on factors such as the level of governance, education and teaching, the integration of industry and education, student development and policy guarantees; and that there are different degrees of perception differences between teachers’ and students’ groups on the effect of internal education quality improvement. In order to promote the internal quality improvement of higher vocational colleges, it is necessary to improve the construction of modern university system to enhance the governance level, deepen the integration of production and teaching to innovate the education and training mode of talents, promote the development of the whole chain of education to improve the comprehensive quality of students, strengthen the construction of teaching staff to deepen the reform of education and teaching, and innovate the internal education policy and system to regulate the management order.