Currently, the rapid development of information technology has brought lots of opportunities for improving the efficiency of national governance activities and the implementation of justice in the world. The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the continuous development of digital technology have been profoundly changing the operation of the courts and providing opportunities for nations to transform from the traditional court model to the electronic court one. Building an e-court has become a global trend in order to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and overcome court delays in resolving disputes. In that context, Vietnam has also advocated promoting the application of information technology, making the most of opportunities that are brought by the technological revolution so as to build e-courts, one of the important tasks of the Judicial Reform Strategy. From 2019 up to now, Vietnam has made efforts to strengthen judicial reform and build e-courts, however, the results are still quite modest. By qualitative research method, this article examines the achievements Vietnam has achieved as well as the limitations when the court system transforms to the e-court model, thereby making some recommendations to successfully build an e-court in Vietnam in order to meet the requirements of judicial reform.

This longitudinal study is dedicated to the evaluation of the comprehensive impact of educational reforms through a mixed research methodology which is a combination of the quantitative- and qualitative-oriented research methods to check the students' outcomes. Data was collected in the span of [mention the time frame] from various data sources for instance standardized test scores, school performance statistics, and through open-ended qualitative evaluation from both students and teachers. Data analysis carried on after the reforms had been put in place revealed that there was a considerable rise in mean test scores and success graduation rates. Therefore, formative evaluation demonstrates the need for implementing reforms that will eventually help the students in boosting academic performance. Besides, there is no difference among investor opinions on teachers, administrators, and students who are involved with the implementation of the reforms. Stakeholders manifest this new assistance as an outcome of lasting improvements in curriculum quality, methods of teaching, and student participation. The study approaches two main challenges that are confronted with education reform that is resourcelessness and to society the change of the educational system can be more suitable for the students to excel academically and it can have an impact on the whole community. Even though this study makes important advancements toward the realization of the complex education implementation process and its effect on student academics, there are elements in which it can be criticized. Both quantitative and qualitative performance improvement is important as well as all the important stakeholder participation. This way the transformation process becomes layered. In other words, these results point to the necessity of planning interventions for longer periods that target the challenges and the forces that maintain the low levels of education performance by the counties.

In the dynamic landscape of modern education, it is essential to understand and recognize the psychological habits that underpin students’ learning processes. These habits play a crucial role in shaping students’ learning outcomes, motivation, and overall educational experiences. This paper shifts the focus towards a more nuanced exploration of these psychological habits in learning, particularly among secondary school students. We propose an innovative assessment model that integrates multimodal data analysis with the quality function deployment theory and the subjective-objective assignment method. This model employs the G-1-entropy value method for an objective evaluation of students’ psychological learning habits. The G-1-entropy method stands out for its comprehensive, objective, and practical approach, offering valuable insights into students’ learning behaviors. By applying this method to assess the psychological aspects of learning, this study contributes to educational research and informs educational reforms. It provides a robust framework for understanding students’ learning habits, thereby aiding in the development of targeted educational strategies. The findings of this study offer strategic directions for educational management, teacher training, and curriculum development. This research not only advances theoretical knowledge in the field of educational psychology but also has practical implications for enhancing the quality of education. It serves as a scientific foundation for educators, administrators, and policymakers in shaping effective educational practices.

The Intellectual Property (IP) chapter of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is recognized for its extensive coverage, encompassing a broad range of innovation areas such as patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and copyright. This chapter sets a new global benchmark for IP protection, posing significant challenges to the existing legal frameworks of member countries and necessitating rapid adaptation, particularly for developing members like Vietnam, Malaysia, and Mexico. These nations have undertaken comprehensive revisions to their IP laws to align with the international standards established by the CPTPP. Despite their unique national contexts, the legal amendments reflect distinct strategies and methodologies in meeting international standards. This paper conducts a qualitative analysis of Vietnam, Malaysia, and Mexico, comparing their law amendment strategies, contents, and techniques across three dimensions. It highlights the distinctive characteristics and impacts of their legal revisions, offering valuable insights for other prospective developing members within the CPTPP framework on the practice of IP law reform.

In response to the challenges of climate change, this study explores the use of moringa pod powder as reinforcement in the manufacture of compressed earth bricks to promote sustainable building materials. The objective is to evaluate the impact of African locust bean pod powder on the mechanical properties of the bricks. Two types of soils from Togo were characterized according to geotechnical standards. Mixtures containing 8% African locust bean pod powder at various particle sizes (0.08 mm, 2 mm, and between 2 and 5 mm) were formulated and tested for compression and tensile strength. The results show that the addition of African locust bean pod reduces the mechanical strength of the bricks compared to the control sample without pods, with strengths ranging from 0.697 to 0.767 MPa, compared to 0.967 to 1.060 MPa for the control. However, the best performances for the mixtures were obtained with a fineness of less than 2 mm. This decrease in performance is attributed to several factors, including inadequate water content and suboptimal preparation and compaction methods. Optimizing formulation parameters is necessary to maximize the effectiveness of African locust bean pods. This work highlights the valorization of agro-industrial waste, paving the way for a better understanding of bio-based materials and future research for sustainable construction.

Intellectual property (IP) is a crucial issue as it directly impacts economic growth. This research analyzed the dynamic governance reconstruction within Indonesia’s Ministry of Law and Human Rights aimed at transforming it into a world-class Intellectual Property Office (IPO). A systematic review of 20 articles was conducted. The results showed that the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP) under the Ministry has numerous opportunities to become a world-class IPO. Protecting intellectual works through IP rights enhances inclusiveness, such as ensuring operational freedoms. The Indonesian government is employing dynamic governance methods to contextualize and implement bureaucratic reforms. However, there is resistance to change as old habits conflict with the new order, posing a challenge to bureaucratic reform. Strategies to create a world-class IPO involve improving technology utilization and fostering innovation. The protection of IP rights has widened inclusivity by enabling operational freedoms. Under dynamic governance, the bureaucracy is being restructured to be more context-aware and agile in its execution. Yet, ingrained practices resist reform, creating friction with the new systems being instituted. Initiatives to elevate the DGIP include technological modernization and promoting a more innovative culture. By reviewing these aspects systematically, the research provides insights into the opportunities and challenges in transforming Indonesia’s IP office into a world-class institution capable of driving economic growth through robust IP governance.