The Intellectual Property (IP) chapter of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is recognized for its extensive coverage, encompassing a broad range of innovation areas such as patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and copyright. This chapter sets a new global benchmark for IP protection, posing significant challenges to the existing legal frameworks of member countries and necessitating rapid adaptation, particularly for developing members like Vietnam, Malaysia, and Mexico. These nations have undertaken comprehensive revisions to their IP laws to align with the international standards established by the CPTPP. Despite their unique national contexts, the legal amendments reflect distinct strategies and methodologies in meeting international standards. This paper conducts a qualitative analysis of Vietnam, Malaysia, and Mexico, comparing their law amendment strategies, contents, and techniques across three dimensions. It highlights the distinctive characteristics and impacts of their legal revisions, offering valuable insights for other prospective developing members within the CPTPP framework on the practice of IP law reform.

In the current era of globalization, the need arises to train individuals who are spiritually enriched, creatively developed, and culturally grounded through the advancement of education and science, as well as through art and culture. These individuals must be capable of integrating artistic creativity into their professional activities. In this context, the issue of fostering values of historical and cultural significance through virtual reality technologies emerges as a novel area of research. The study aims to reveal the essence of the concept "virtual museum" and test the level of perspective art teachers' readiness for utilizing the virtual museum in their professional activity to foster their cultural values of artic creativity. Employing quantitative and qualitative methods, the study encompassed questionnaires, tests, and assignments administered to 135 university students divided into control and experimental groups. To diagnose students' readiness to utilize virtual museum technology in their professional activities, three components (motivational, cognitive, and operational), criteria, indicators and levels of readiness were identified. Findings indicate that there is a noticeable difference between the experimental group's results before and after completing the authors' elective course titled "Methodology of using the virtual museum". This demonstrates the effectiveness of this course conducted with the experimental group. The study highlights the importance of perspective art teachers' acquisition of knowledge, skills and competences necessary to implement the virtual museum method in their teaching activity through the proposed elective course incorporated into the university educational process in order to foster students' cultural values of artic creativity.

The endogenous, human, and social factors influencing the economic development of the municipalities of San Juan Cotzocón and San Pedro y San Pablo Ayutla in the Istmo de Tehuantepec region of the state of Oaxaca are analyzed. The hypothesis posits that the dimensions of endogenous development, social capital, and human capital directly impact the economic development of the respective municipalities. The study involved administering 262 questionnaires to the residents of these municipalities during the month of May 2023. The collected data were examined using exploratory factor analysis to determine the underlying structure and structural equation modeling to estimate the effects and relationships between variables. Results indicate that endogenous development, social capital, and human capital are factors in the economic development of the studied communities, with endogenous development being the most influential factor due to its statistical significance. Notably, the existence of tourist and cultural attractions in the municipalities emerges as a catalyst for local economic development in response to the establishment and operation of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec Interoceanic Corridor.

With the advent of the era of globalized economy, more attention should be paid to the training mode of comprehensive English literacy in colleges and universities in teaching. Therefore, how to cultivate and improve students' higher-level teaching methods in the context of ecolinguistics, so as to improve the quality of English teaching, is the current focus of English teaching in colleges and universities. By summarizing the basic concepts of ecolinguistics, this paper studies effective measures to improve the quality of linguistics teaching in colleges and universities, and comprehensively improves the quality and efficiency of English language teaching in colleges and universities under the background of ecolinguistics.

Employment guidance is an important way for employment education in colleges and universities, and it is also an important educational process. Strengthening the employment guidance in colleges and universities is necessary to alleviate the structural contradiction of employment and serve the talent cultivation of schools, as well as to enhance the employability of college students and serve the growth and success of young students. This paper focuses on the problems of employment guidance in colleges and universities in the new era, and proposes countermeasures to solve them in four dimensions: system construction, precise service, regional coordination and employment capacity enhancement.