The creation of points where law, politics and education policies take intersection is a very complex and dynamic environment determined by philosophical shifts, economic problems, and social dynamics. This study dissects various complicated challenges facing the process of the framing of educational policies and their implementation which have become rampant due to the rapid political transformations. The researched evaluation is applied via both qualitative and quantitative methods, including juridical research, case and best practices studies and surveys, with the descriptive nature of the research as the main tool. The heart of the essay is three main themes - the contention between the rigidity of the academic standards and the holistic growth of students, its possible effects when students are too identified with a test-centric approach as their knowledge is sacrificed for their test scores, and the inclusion of rights and protections for underrepresented populations even when faced with a government’s resistance. Similarly, the research examines the perils of creating legislation too quickly, especially, because of unexpected side effects and interpretation conflicts. Findings show profound demographic differentials over districts which implies the designing and implementation of policies need to be modified accordingly. Unless a certain policy brings the best outcomes in the learning process, then nobody should choose it even if it means disrupting student well-being and decreasing their involvement. It is also emblematic of how cross-party cooperation and stakeholders’ understanding are important aspects of fairly dealing with complicated policy environments.

This research endeavors to assess the legal requirements for the operation of mediation and conciliation centers in the UAE based on Federal Law No. 17 of 2016 and its amendment in 2021 No. 5. It is structured into three main sections: the first establishes and defines these centers, the second defines conciliation procedures and the third considers the preceding. The aim is to identify the legal procedures associated with mediation and conciliation centers within the UAE judicial systems and their function in providing solutions for civil and business litigations with the most efficiency and minor financial investments. It also calls for using other forms of conflict adjudication before adopting the legal approach. The conclusions and recommendations indicate the necessity of further improving the Mediation and Conciliation Centers Law due to the necessity of legislative shifts, which would contribute to the UAE’s leading position in legislation related to centers for mediation and conciliation.

Cybercrime poses a growing threat to individuals, businesses, and governments in the digital age. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive study of the legal frameworks developed by international organizations to combat cybercrime, providing a comparative analysis of their approaches and highlighting strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, utilizing a doctrinal approach to examine primary and secondary legal sources for data analysis. The results reveal the ongoing efforts of the United Nations and other international bodies to establish a unified approach to combating cybercrime through conventions on Cybercrime. The research emphasizes the importance of harmonizing laws, fostering international cooperation, and adapting to evolving cyber threats while maintaining a balance between security and individual rights. Recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks, enhancing public-private partnerships, and investing in capacity building and technical assistance for developing countries. The study concludes by highlighting the critical importance of comprehensive and harmonized cybercrime legislation in the global fight against cybercrime and calls for continued efforts to address the challenges posed by this ever-evolving threat.

Since an outbreak of COVID-19 in the late 2019 in Wuhan in China, the pandemic and contagious nature of coronavirus did not spare Nigeria as the most populous Africa nation from being affected. Statistical records have shown that a large number of citizens were affected and overwhelming literature has explored different dimensions of the impacts of COVID-19 in the country. However, there is a less attention in exploring legal, economic, health and ethical impacts of the pandemic on Nigerian children. The paper primarily aims at filling this gap in the existing body of knowledge. Systematic literature review (SLR) and content analysis of secondary data of online peer-reviewed, scholarly articles among others were used as methodology. The findings revealed that, the general economic impact of COVID-19 that affects trade and small & medium scale business activities of parents also directly or indirectly affected their children. The health consequence of COVID-19 affects provision of nutritious foods that would help their balanced diet and growth. It is further noted that the ethical impact of COVID-19 affects their right to education as a result of lockdown during the first phase of the out-break. It is however reiterated that, there has not been adequate legal framework to address the multifarious im-pacts of COVID-19 on the Nigerian children. In conclusion, this paper has novel contribution specifically showing concern for children during the period of COVID-19 pandemic in the country. It is therefore suggested that efforts should be galvanized by the stakeholders in addressing multifarious challenges of the impact of COVID-19 on the Nigerian children as explored in this study.

The question of whether legal gun ownership is a positive security factor in the Czech Republic is subject to expert debate and depends on several factors, including available crime data, public attitudes, and the legal framework. Some argue that legal gun ownership can dissuade criminals because they know victims may be armed. Many advocates argue that the right to own guns is a fundamental right that should be protected. Sometimes, it is difficult to clearly demonstrate that legal gun ownership directly contributes to crime reduction. Statistical data can be interpreted in different ways. In contrast, the presence of guns can in some situations escalate conflicts that could otherwise be resolved nonviolently. In the Czech Republic, legal gun ownership is relatively strictly regulated. Citizens must meet the conditions established by law, including criminal integrity and passing a theoretical-practical examination of professional competence. This regulation aims to ensure that only responsible and qualified individuals own guns. Therefore, the presented article discusses legal gun ownership as an internal factor of state security. Using statistical data, it analyses the amount of violent crime committed with firearms in relation to the possibility of holding and carrying a gun in the conditions of the Czech Republic and in selected EU countries. Furthermore, with the help of a questionnaire survey, it identifies that legal gun ownership can be considered a positive safety factor in certain situations, if it is associated with strict regulation and a responsible attitude of gun owners. The resulting effect on security depends on a combination of legal frameworks, gun culture, and effective law enforcement.