This study addresses the crucial question of the macroeconomic impact of investing in railroad infrastructure in Portugal. The aim is to shed light on the immediate and long-term effects of such investments on economic output, employment, and private investment, specifically focusing on interindustry variations. We employ a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model and utilize industry-level data to estimate elasticities and marginal products on these three economic indicators. Our findings reveal a compelling positive long-term spillover effect of these investments. Specifically, every €1 million in capital spending results in a €20.84 million increase in GDP, a €17.78 million boost in private investment, and 72 new net permanent jobs. However, these gains are not immediate, as only 14.5% of the output increase and 38.8% of the investment surge occur in the first year. In contrast, job creation is nearly instantaneous, with 93% of new jobs materializing within the first year. A short-term negative impact on the trade balance is expected as new capital goods are imported. Upon industry-level analysis, the most pronounced output increases are witnessed in the real estate, construction, and wholesale and retail trade industries. The most substantial net job creation occurs in the construction, professional services, and hospitality industries. This study enriches the empirical literature by uncovering industry-specific impacts and temporal macroeconomic effects of railroad infrastructure investments. This underscores their dual advantage in bolstering long-term economic performance and counteracting job losses during downturns, thus offering valuable public policy implications. Notably, these benefits are not evenly distributed across all industries, necessitating strategic sectoral planning and awareness of employment agencies to optimize spending programs and adapt to industry shifts.

During the "14th Five Year Plan" period, in the face of the overall situation of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the unprecedented changes in the world in a century, sports need to base itself on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, and build a Dual circulation. College students, as reserve talents in various fields of our country, building a good college sports culture is crucial to the development of sports in our country This article analyzes the role of university sports stars in the construction of university sports culture from the perspective of spiritual culture, and puts forward suggestions on how to better play the role of university sports stars in the construction of university sports culture, including improving the material foundation, selecting suitable university sports stars, promoting the comprehensive improvement of the comprehensive quality of university sports stars, standardizing and refining the work of sports related departments To provide ideas for the construction of sports culture in universities, we should organize more sports competitions and diverse sports activities, do a good job in promoting sports stars in universities, and shape distinctive sports projects around the expertise of sports stars in universities.