Intellectual property (IP) is a crucial issue as it directly impacts economic growth. This research analyzed the dynamic governance reconstruction within Indonesia’s Ministry of Law and Human Rights aimed at transforming it into a world-class Intellectual Property Office (IPO). A systematic review of 20 articles was conducted. The results showed that the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP) under the Ministry has numerous opportunities to become a world-class IPO. Protecting intellectual works through IP rights enhances inclusiveness, such as ensuring operational freedoms. The Indonesian government is employing dynamic governance methods to contextualize and implement bureaucratic reforms. However, there is resistance to change as old habits conflict with the new order, posing a challenge to bureaucratic reform. Strategies to create a world-class IPO involve improving technology utilization and fostering innovation. The protection of IP rights has widened inclusivity by enabling operational freedoms. Under dynamic governance, the bureaucracy is being restructured to be more context-aware and agile in its execution. Yet, ingrained practices resist reform, creating friction with the new systems being instituted. Initiatives to elevate the DGIP include technological modernization and promoting a more innovative culture. By reviewing these aspects systematically, the research provides insights into the opportunities and challenges in transforming Indonesia’s IP office into a world-class institution capable of driving economic growth through robust IP governance.

The present research focuses on researching the impact of the diverse communication media that facilitate or develop Student Motivation and Engagement in the educational systems of the states in the Gulf, especially Oman. The main goal of this work is to determine which type of method is most effective in encouraging students in view of cultural and technological factors present in the region. Comparisons using hypothesis testing and structural models which provided higher T value for Technology-Based Communication Methods (TBCM) and Human Face-to-Face Communication Methods (HFtFCM). Next, the research hypothesis H2 that TBCM has a direct positive relationship with SMaE was supported by the following regression coefficients: β = 0.177, t = 4.493; p = 0.000. On the other hand, there was no effect of HFtFCM on SMaE as indicated by a regression coefficient of 0.056 (p < 0.124) for this hypothesis and therefore, this hypothesis was rejected. The analysis using the mediator of Student Perception of Communication Effectiveness (SPoCE) only partly mediates TBCM and SMaE (β = 0.047, t = 3.737, p = 0.000). However, SPoCE was found not to moderate the relationship between HFtFCM and SMaE (β = −0.01, t = 1.125, p = 0.005). The present study underlines the efficiency of TBCM in the area of student engagement, while face-to-face conversation does not play significant part in this process. The obtain results conclude that, the traditional and technological evolution in the Gulf region supports the adoption of TBCM in educational systems. Such approaches support with the technological learning and likings of students, offering greater flexibility and engagement. Educational systems must highlight TBCM to better meet the growing needs of their student, while identifying that face-to-face remains important, though secondary, in energetic motivation.

University majors are the core sub majors of education majors, and the OBE concept is a modern educational concept based on learning outcomes. Apply the OBE concept to undergraduate courses to cultivate students' professional practical abilities and scientific research innovation qualities. This article is based on the educational concept of OBE and attempts to examine and reform university curriculum teaching, mainly starting from four aspects: curriculum content, teaching methods, curriculum assessment and evaluation methods, and teacher quality.

On the basis of the enlightenment of international engineering education accreditation for the reform and development of higher education in China, combined with the important measures of the national “double first-class” construction, new challenges have been proposed for innovative talent cultivation among engineering majors in the context of promoting national development. These challenges also promote the reform of science-oriented courses among engineering majors. As a core mandatory course for engineering majors, biochemistry plays a crucial role in the entire educational process at universities, serving as a bridge between basic and specialized courses. To address challenges such as limited course resources, insufficient development of students’ advanced thinking and innovation skills, and overly standardized assessment methods, the bioengineering major from Guilin University of Technology restructured the biochemistry course content. A blended teaching model termed “three integrations, three stages, one sharing”, was implemented. This effort has yielded significant results, providing a research foundation for constructing an innovative talent cultivation system that is oriented toward industry needs within modern industrial colleges. It also offers valuable insights into and reference points for the cultivation of engineering talents and curriculum reform in local universities.

The study looks into how governance qualities of decentralized governments mediate the impacts of decentralization on development. Based on a set-oriented approach, the study analyzed data from a nation-wide survey conducted with business managers from all provinces in Indonesia, and found evidence that, despite the country’s uniform decentralization reform, individual provinces exhibited great variation in the qualities of their various physical and institutional infrastructures. Notably, these qualities assumed nested relations, with order and security as well as accountability and rule of law seemingly being the preconditions of basic infrastructure provision as well as local governments’ coordination. Moreover, business investment decisions (measured as staff expansion and product innovation) were found to vary with some specific combinations of these infrastructural conditions. The result provides evidence supporting the argument that both physical and institutional infrastructures are instrumental to realize the supposed benefits of decentralization and supports the recent call of the literature to look into the political-institutional complex in the process of decentralization reform.