Relational database models offer a pathway for the storage, standardization, and analysis of factors influencing national sports development. While existing research delves into the factors linked with sporting success, there remains an unexplored avenue for the design of databases that seamlessly integrate quantitative analyses of these factors. This study aims to design a relational database to store and analyse quantitative sport development data by employing information technology tools. The database design was carried out in three phases: (i) exploratory study for context analysis, identification, and delimitation of the data scope; (ii) data extraction from primary sources and cataloguing; (iii) database design to allow an integrated analysis of different dimensions and production of quantitative indicators. An entity-relationship diagram and an entity-relationship model were built to organize and store information relating to sports, organizations, people, investments, venues, facilities, materials, events, and sports results, enabling the sharing of data across tables and avoiding redundancies. This strategy demonstrated potential for future knowledge advancement by including the establishment of perpetual data updates through coding and web scraping. This, in turn, empowers the continuous evaluation and vigilance of organizational performance metrics and sports development policies, aligning seamlessly with the journal’s focus on cutting-edge methodologies in the realm of digital technology.

The use of green bonds as a financial instrument to support sustainable development has become a major focus in Indonesia. However, the success of green bond implementation not only depends on market willingness but also on public policies that support and regulate its use. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the impact of public policies on the use of green bonds in Indonesia and how these policies can influence sustainable development. Public policy theory and sustainable development theory are the basis of analysis in this research. Public policy theory is used to understand how public policies are formed, implemented, and evaluated. Meanwhile, sustainable development theory is used to evaluate the impact of public policies on sustainable development. This research uses a qualitative approach with public policy analysis as the main method. Data are collected from various sources, including policy documents, government reports, and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The analysis results show that public policies have a significant impact on the use of green bonds in Indonesia. These policies cover various aspects, such as regulation, incentives, and government support. Additionally, these policies also influence how green bonds are used to support sustainable development in Indonesia. In order to promote sustainable development, it is important for the Indonesian government to continue developing and strengthening public policies that support the use of green bonds. This will help improve the success.

The article emphasizes the dynamism of social processes in the world aimed at humanizing modern society. Social work in the third millennium became one of the priority topics in Europe and acquired the status of an independent field of science and research in terms of science and education. The possibility of extrapolation of innovative foreign technologies into the practice of social work in Ukraine was investigated. It was found that the process of implementation of innovative foreign technologies into the practice of social work in Ukraine has already begun and is ongoing. In the improvement of the domestic system of professional training of social workers, the authors of the article see an appeal to the experience of applying European innovative technologies and practices of social work, in particular in the Republic of Poland. The leading determinants of social technologies, which determine their specificity, are singled out: multidisciplinarity, hierarchy, multidirectionality, flexibility, standardization. The need for effective and timely implementation of the integration of three groups of social support technologies in the conditions of the martial law in which Ukraine is today has been updated. The perspective of further scientific research is defined in the substantiation of the organizational and pedagogical conditions of their application in the process of informal and informal education.

Islamabad’s 2019 ban on single-use plastic shopping bags aimed to reduce plastic waste, but compliance is limited. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the ban as well as other factors in curtailing plastic bag use in Islamabad. Regression modeling within a rational choice framework analyzed survey data from 406 retailers across 18 selected urban and rural markets. We found that the subjective belief that a fine was unlikely (β = −16.10; t = −3.90; p < 0.001), likely (β = −24.99; t = −4.95; p < 0.001), or very likely (β = −43.84; t = −4.07; p < 0.001) for selling bags versus very unlikely was significantly associated with lower usage. Additionally, older retailer age (β = −0.25; p < 0.001) and more education (β = −0.77; p < 0.01) were associated with lower plastic bag usage. Business registration (β = −3.94; p < 0.10) and trade membership (β = −4.04; p < 0.05) also decreased use. Rural location (zone II: β = 13.28; p < 0.001) and plastic bags stock availability (β = 16.75; p < 0.001) increased use. Awareness, viewing bags as “Good”, unlikely fines and lack of substitutes lowered use. Results provide insights to inform more effective policies for reducing plastic waste.

Background: India’s rich educational heritage dates to ancient times, with popular institutions like Nalanda, Takshashila, and Banarasi-Kasi flourishing as early as the 6th century BC, which offered diverse courses spanning medicine, mathematics, astronomy, and more. Invasions by the Mughals and British during the 12th to 18th centuries disrupted India’s traditional education systems. Post-independence, India faced the challenge of transitioning from ancient to modern education. Remarkably, the country managed to preserve its popular traditional education through a strategic change management approach by the educational institutions. The Government of India has introduced in the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) in July 2020, to bring transformational reforms in school and higher education systems. In this manuscript, we have summarized the salient features of the NEP 2020 and the preparedness steps to its effective implementation in Indian educational institutions. Method: We have utilised standard databases like PubMed, Science Direct, or Google Scholar, and/or public domains and the NEP 2020 document for this literature survey. Value addition: NEP 2020 aims to ensure access, equity, quality, affordability, and accountability with more flexible curricular structure, and holistic approaches. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact, dynamic planning, and collaboration among public and private institutions, and industries supported the effective implementation of NEP 2020. Notably, the change management approach, which has been a constant throughout India’s educational journey, played a pivotal role in keeping pace with technological advancements and fostering growth in the higher education system in India.

The Primary and secondary shadow education refers to a kind of unofficial education that exists outside the traditional mainstream primary and secondary education system in China, with both commercial and educational attributes. As the primary and secondary school stage is an important key stage for further education, existing research mainly focuses on the spatial distribution of primary and secondary school basic education facilities and non-subject training, with fewer studies targeting primary and secondary school subject tutoring shadow education. With the changes in China’s education industry and the introduction of the Double Reduction Policy, there is an urgent need to conduct in-depth research on the spatial aggregation characteristics and influencing factors of Shadow Education Enterprises for primary and secondary school students. This paper takes the main urban area of Zhengzhou City as the study area, and takes primary and secondary school Shadow Education Enterprises as the research object, and applies spatial analysis methods such as kernel density, nearest-neighbor index, and geographic detector to quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of primary and secondary school shadow education tutoring enterprises in Zhengzhou City and the factors affecting them The results show that: 1) The overall spatial pattern of primary and secondary school tutoring Shadow Education Enterprises in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City has largely formed a core-edge structural feature that spreads from the urban center to the periphery, and presents the spatial agglomeration feature of “double nuclei many times” distributed along both sides of the Beijing-Guangzhou Line. 2) The distribution of mentoring Shadow Education Enterprises in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City in relation to provincial model primary and secondary schools is significant and there is a significant difference between the distribution around secondary schools and primary schools. 3) The spatial distribution of Shadow Education Enterprises in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City is mainly influenced by factors such as the size of the school-age population, the level of commercial development, the location of school buildings and the accessibility of transport.