The reform of the training mode for English majors in the context of the new liberal arts is a dynamic process that conforms to social needs, continuously improves and optimizes. After a series of special investigations, this article proposes development ideas for the cultivation of English majors in local applied undergraduate universities based on the analysis of the demand for English majors' abilities in the job market. The aim is to solve the problems of unclear characteristics of English major talent cultivation in local applied undergraduate universities and weak competitiveness of graduates in employment.

This study delves into the nuanced impact of leadership styles on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) performance in Northeast China. It aims to discern how transformational, transactional, and authoritative leadership approaches influence organizational outcomes, framed within the context of sustainable leadership theory. Employing a quantitative methodology, the research analyzes survey data from employees across various SOEs to assess the relationship between leadership styles and company performance, including aspects such as job satisfaction, employee motivation, and operational efficiency. The findings reveal a clear dichotomy: transformational and transactional leadership styles positively correlate with improved performance metrics, fostering an environment of innovation, motivation, and job satisfaction. Conversely, authoritative leadership is shown to detrimentally affect these same metrics, potentially hindering organizational growth and employee morale. This research contributes to the broader discourse on leadership and organizational performance by highlighting the critical role of leadership style in enhancing the sustainable development of SOEs, particularly within China’s socio-political and economic fabric. Practical implications suggest a shift towards more adaptive, employee-centered leadership approaches to spur performance and sustainability in SOEs. The originality of this study lies in its specific focus on the Chinese context, offering insights into the leadership dynamics within SOEs and proposing actionable strategies for fostering leadership that align with sustainability and organizational excellence principles.

Earnings disparities in South Africa, and specifically the Eastern Cape region are influenced by a complex interplay of historical, socio-economic, and demographic factors. Despite significant progress since the end of apartheid, persistent disparities in earnings continue to raise questions about the effectiveness of policies aimed at reducing inequality and promoting equitable social system. Individual-level dataset from the 2021 South African general household survey were subjected to exploratory analysis, while Heckman selection model was used to investigate the determinants of earnings disparities in the study area. The results showed that majority of the population are not working for a wage, commission or salary, which also pointed to the gravity of unemployment situation in the area of study. Most of the working population (both male and female) are lowest earners (R ≤ 10,000), and this also cuts across all age-group categories. Majority of working population have no formal education, are drop out, or have less than grade-12 certificate, and very few working populations with higher education status were found in the moderate and relatively high earnings categories. While many of the working population are engaged in the informal sector, those in the formal sector are in the lowest earners group. Compared to any other race, the Black African group constituted the majority of non-wage earners, and most in this group were found in the lowest earners group. Some of the working population who were beneficiaries of social grants and medical aids scheme were found in the lowest, low, and moderate earnings categories. The findings significantly isolated the earnings-effect of age, marital status, gender, race, education, geographic indicators, employment sector, and index of health conditions and disabilities. The study recommends interventions addressing racial, gender, and geographic wage gaps, while also emphasizing the importance of equitable access to education, health infrastructure, and skills development.

The implementation of the "the Belt and Road" requires the common development of the "five links" of policies, facilities, trade, finance and popular support, among which "people to people connectivity" is the premise of the coordinated promotion of the "five links", and cultural communication, exchange and cooperation are the foundation and guarantee of the popular support project. The "the Belt and Road" cultural communication, exchange and cooperation are diverse in content and form. We need to identify the opportunities and challenges we face, make long-term strategic plans, and take practical countermeasures and implementation paths according to the characteristics of cultural communication diversity. Some domestic scholars have conducted research on cultural communication strategies and analyzed the opportunities and challenges they face, but there is a lack of diversity analysis on the forms of communication that should be adopted. This paper explores and studies the "the Belt and Road" cultural communication strategy, implementation path and safeguard measures, constructs a new model of diversified cultural communication and exchange cooperation, and tries to play a certain role in promoting the actual effect of cultural communication and exchange cooperation and better safeguarding the "the Belt and Road" community of interests.

Imagining people’s functions in everyday life and work without the use of ICT, seems difficult. Their application is ubiquitous everywhere, regardless of which aspect it is viewed from, because it has a strong function in ensuring the competitiveness of various systems at the micro and macro levels. Numerous national and multinational strategies try to encourage educational systems to put a greater focus on ICT to more efficiently acquire skills, competencies, and knowledge, which should represent added value to all generations in the future. This article analyzes the progress of the ICT development index (IDI) in Scandinavian countries by comparing these countries in the European region. It is known that the Scandinavian countries belong to that part of the countries that have recognized the importance of involving ICT in education programs, which improves the economy of a certain country. Given this, the research reveals how ICTs play a key role in improving socio-economic development in Scandinavian countries.

With the main idea of cultivating people through the curriculum, this paper explores the organic integration of ideological and political lines and knowledge lines in the teaching design of pharmacology in higher vocational colleges. The medical humanistic literacy contained in the teaching design, explores the path and method of the ideological and political construction of the course, and combines the teaching of professional knowledge and the cultivation of theoretical skills with the cultivation of students’ patriotism, medical professional ethics, life awareness and scientific research spirit. Improve the educational effect of curriculum ideological and political education in college education.