Among contemporary computational techniques, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) are favoured because of their capacity to tackle non-linear modelling and complex stochastic datasets. Nondeterministic models involve some computational intricacies when deciphering real-life problems but always yield better outcomes. For the first time, this study utilized the ANN and ANFIS models for modelling power generation/electric power output (EPO) from databases generated in a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). The study presents a comparative study between ANNs and ANFIS to estimate the power output generation of a combined cycle power plant in Turkey. The inputs of the ANN and ANFIS models are ambient temperature (AT), ambient pressure (AP), relative humidity (RH), and exhaust vacuum (V), correlated with electric power output. Several models were developed to achieve the best architecture as the number of hidden neurons varied for the ANNs, while the training process was conducted for the ANFIS model. A comparison of the developed hybrid models was completed using statistical criteria such as the coefficient of determination (R²), mean average error (MAE), and average absolute deviation (AAD). The R² of 0.945, MAE of 3.001%, and AAD of 3.722% for the ANN model were compared to those of R² of 0.9499, MAE of 2.843% and AAD of 2.842% for the ANFIS model. Even though both ANN and ANFIS are relevant in estimating and predicting power production, the ANFIS model exhibits higher superiority compared to the ANN model in accurately estimating the EPO of the CCPP located in Turkey and its environment.

This research presents an in-depth examination of the emotional effects of synchronous hybrid education on undergraduate university students at a pioneering private institution in educational innovation. The study had encompassed all courses that were delivered in a synchronous hybrid format, covering 16 courses and involving 241 students. Each student had been observed and recorded on two separate class sessions, with each recording lasting approximately 30 min. This comprehensive data collection had resulted in 409 recordings, each approximately 30 min in duration, translating to nearly an hour of observation per student across the classes, totaling close to 205 h of recordings. These recordings were subsequently processed using neuroscience software tools for advanced statistical analysis, effectively serving as a comprehensive survey of courses within this modality. The primary focus of the research was on the emotions experienced during both face-to-face and online classes and their subsequent influence on student behavior and well-being. The findings reveal higher emotional time ratios for positive emotions such as joy and surprise in face-to-face students. Notably, both groups exhibited comparable ratios for negative emotions like anger and sadness. The research underscores the emotional advantages of face-to-face interactions, which elicit stronger emotions, in contrast to online students who often feel detached and isolated.

Aims of this study clarify the intrinsic value of Galileo’s law of inertia, which holds significance in the history of science, and the process through which such law of inertia was formed, for educational purposes, and explores a possible conversion of this intrinsic value into an environmental ethical value. The research methodology is to establish a value schema and, through its application, to explore the changes in the active intrinsic value principle of Galileo’s law of inertia based on the history of science. This study derived the following results: First, Galileo professed the value he assigned and discovered as a complete experience to support heliocentrism. Second, he realized his personal religious ideal, or in other words, the ideal of life as a whole. Third, the overall process is to feel a comprehensive and integral expansion of the self. Above all, it shows that the principle of active intrinsic value based on Galileo’s experimental activities has changed and expanded throughout the history of science. One internalizes one’s faith in accordance with the activity-centered value. Only when combined with aesthetic experience does education make one ethical. As general school education does not necessarily guarantee ethics, we must lead our values education toward ecocentric ethics education, which highlights beauty. It shows that these active intrinsic values also extend to ethical values.

This study examined the factors influencing the organizational satisfaction of employees in public institutions. In the case of public institutions that must provide stable public services on behalf of the government, the organizational satisfaction of employees will be more important. In this regard, this study includes the perception of HRM and trust between employees as affecting factors, and the perception of HRM consisted of sub-components such as fairness of evaluation and excellence of education and training. Moreover, this study considered trust between employees as a mediator. In more specific, online surveys were conducted with 705 employees of public institutions in Korea, and the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was performed. The results indicated that the perception of HRM affected organizational satisfaction directly or indirectly. In addition, trust between employees mediated between all sub-components of perception of HRM and organizational satisfaction. Particularly, trust between employees has been verified to increase the influence of the perception HRM. Meanwhile, in the case of Korea, there are more public institutions than other countries, and many other countries are showing high interest in Korea’s public institution operation system. In this respect, dealing with Korean public institutions as examples provides important international implications.

This study investigates non-academic employees’ perceptions of their line managers’ leadership styles at a private university in Malaysia and how these perceptions influence their intention to remain employed. Employing a qualitative approach and the path-goal theory as a theoretical framework, data were collected through purposive sampling from 10 non-academic employees and analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 software. The findings reveal that a supportive and participative leadership style fosters an informal leadership dynamic between line managers and subordinates. Informal leadership behaviors encompass affective qualities and effective communication that enable the development of close relationships outside the workplace, facilitating increased employee engagement and motivation levels. Consequently, this approach notably improves employee retention. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of informal leadership styles contributing to enhanced human resource management at the private university while providing an inclusive perspective on employees’ perceptions and their intention to remain employed. Finally, we propose a model of employees’ perception of leadership styles as the main driver that better serves their intention to stay in organizations.

The Three Kingdoms period of ancient China (208-280 AD) refers to the period  between Eastern Han (25–220 AD) and Jin dynasties (266–420), during which China was divided into Shu (221-263 AD), Wei  (220-266 AD) and Wu (222-280 AD) kingdoms, and then united as Jin dynasty. This paper constructs the quarterly series of alliance structures between the Three Kingdoms. By collecting and analyzing a total of two hundred and eighty-nine quarterly observations, the paper shows that the three most frequent alliance structures are ρ0: 1) the finest partition or no-alliance structure with 192 partitions; 2) Three partitions with Shu-Jin alliance and Wu singletion with 57 partions; 3) Wei-Wu alliance and one singletion Shu with 12 partions. It also shows that the observed changes in alliance structures were the consequence of a total of fifteen major battles fought by the three kingdoms. Such results serve as a contribution to the studies of applied game theory, alliance study, and the economic and military histories in ancient China.