This study focuses on the problems of imperfect internal control effectiveness, insufficient information transparency, and plummeting stock prices. The study selects the data of non-financial main board listed companies in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2012 to 2021 as a sample, and adopts an empirical research methodology, which reveals that the effectiveness of internal control is negatively related to the trend of share price crash, and efficient internal control is positively related to the transparency of corporate information environment. The findings suggest the impact of internal control on the risk of stock price crash at the individual stock level and provide empirical support for listed companies to manage their risks. This study has practical value in guiding listed companies to strengthen internal control, improve information transparency, mitigate the risk of stock price crashes, and provide a decision-making basis for the healthy and stable development of the capital market.

The study of authoritarian leadership has undergone significant development, with researchers exploring its different dimensions and consequences. This leadership style, characterized by a top-down approach and centralized decision-making authority, has been extensively examined in psychology, organizational behavior, and management literature. Scholars have delved into the effects of authoritarian leadership on various aspects of organizations such as employee satisfaction, motivation levels, productivity rates, turnover rates, and team dynamics. The research landscape surrounding authoritarian leadership has witnessed a recent surge in interest as scholars strive to understand its intricate connections with different variables. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis on authoritarian leadership, aiming to identify the key research areas, influential authors, prominent journals in the field, and citation patterns. To our knowledge, no bibliometric analysis on authoritarian leadership can be found in the Scopus database, highlighting the novelty of our research. Through a source-based examination of scholarly articles and their citations pertaining to authoritarian leadership, this analysis offers valuable insights into the current state of research in this domain. By focusing on publications from the past decade onwards, we aim to uncover trends and potential gaps within existing literature while also providing guidance for future research endeavors. Our research findings will provide valuable insights into the phenomenon of authoritarian leadership, contributing to a deeper understanding of its implications. By delving into this topic, we hope to pave the way for future studies and investigations in this field that can build upon our findings and expand knowledge even further.

The focus of the article is the evaluation of the interaction between regional state bodies and business structures in Kazakhstan, specifically in terms of the development of public-private partnerships. The purpose of the research is to enhance the understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of the mechanism of interaction between the state and business structures. Through an examination of the various structural components of the partnership development strategy, the study aims to identify the elements of the mechanism for the implementation of the state and business development strategy. Additionally, the research seeks to establish the correlation between the outcomes of the joint entrepreneurship mechanism and the criteria used to evaluate the performance of regional state bodies. To assess the effectiveness of the interaction between business and government at the regional level in Kazakhstan, a survey-based evaluation was conducted to measure the satisfaction levels of public utilities, entrepreneurs, and businesses with the activities of local authorities. The survey also evaluated the degree of corruption among local authorities. A matrix of interaction between business and government was created, and various models and algorithms for the interaction between government representatives and business structures were studied. The research findings highlight the importance of enhancing the collaboration between the state and the business sector, promoting the implementation of public-private partnerships, and establishing social partnerships to cultivate mutually beneficial relationships.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the expected moderating effect exerted by institutional owners on the intricate correlation between the characteristics of boards of directors and the issue of earnings management, as gauged by the loan loss provisions.The sample encompassed all the banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over the period between 2010 and 2022, representing a total of 151 observations. The results derived from the examination clearly demonstrate that the institutional owners have a key impact on augmenting the monitoring tasks and responsibilities of the boards of directors across the study sample. The results revealed the fundamental role of such owners in strengthening the supervisory tasks carried out by boards of directors in Jordan. A panel data model has been used in the analysis. The results of this study show that the presence of the owner of an institution has a discernible moderating role in the banks' monitoring landscape. Indeed, their presence strengthens the monitoring tasks of the banks’ boards by underscoring the quest to restrict the EM decisions. Interestingly, the results support the monitoring proposition outlined by agency theory, which introduced CG recommendations as a deterrent tool to reduce the expectation gap between banks' owners and their representatives.

Objective: To investigate the value of differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhotic nodules via radiomics models based on magnetic resonance images. Background: This study is to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic nodules using MR-radiomics features extracted from four different phases of MRI images, concluded T1WI, T2WI, T2 SPIR and delay phase of contrast MRI. Methods: In this study, the four kind of magnetic resonance images of 23 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were collected. Among them, 12 patients with liver cirrhosis were used to obtain cirrhotic nodules (CN). The dataset was used to extract MR-radiomics features from regions of interest (ROI). The statistical methods of MRradiomics features could distinguish HCC and CN. And the ability of radiomics features between HCC and CN was estimated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: A total of 424 radiomics features were extracted from four kind of magnetic resonance images. 86 features in delay phase of contrast MRI，86 features in spir phase of T2WI，86 features in T1WI and 88 features in T2WI showed statistical difference (p < 0.05). Among them, the area under the curves (AUC) of these features larger than 0.85 were 58 features in delay phase of contrast MRI, 54 features in spir phase of T2WI, 62 features in T1WI and 57 features in T2WI. Conclusions: Radiomics features extracted from MRI images have the potential to distinguish HCC and CN.

Carbonated soft drinks (CSDs) have long been a mainstay of the beverage business but changing consumer tastes and rising health awareness have necessitated a thorough study of the variables impacting consumer choices. This study intends to explore the complex web of customer preferences, purchasing behaviour, and perceptions related to carbonated soft drinks. This research analyses how numerous variables, including gender, affect these preferences and choices via careful examination. The purpose of thepresent research is to determine the perception of consumer influencing customer choice preferences for the consumption of carbonated soft drinks, influence of gender and the role of advertisement in finalizing the choice. It would be helpful to do further research to better understand how these highlighted variables affect purchasing choices, especially gender-based variances. The important influence of gender on consumer behaviour has been acknowledged. For this study, a structured questionnaire was distributed through online social media to individuals of 12–45 years of age from the period of April–May 2023. For analysis of the data collected, SPSS 22.0 was used. The study has confirmed that consumption of Coca-Cola is higher than any other soft drink in almost the entire country. The factors like youthfulness, tradition, status symbol and level of carbonation have different influences on the buying behavior of male and female consumers.