In order to seek management alternatives for anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.), at the Tibaitatá Research Center of the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation AGROSAVIA (formerly CORPOICA), an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the application of the major elements nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) on infections of the fungus C. gloeosporioides strain-52. For this purpose, a randomized complete block design was used with an arrangement of treatments in an orthogonal central composite design. To evaluate the relationship of fertilization levels and disease severity, an artificial inoculation was made on thorny blackberry stems using 0.5 cm mycelial discs at a concentration of 9.53 × 104 conidia. Observations consisted of: disease severity (S), incubation period (IP) and rate of development (r). Data analysis was done by the cluster method on the severity variable, a Pearson correlation analysis between variables, as well as a regression to estimate the effect of nutrients applied on the severity of C. gloeosporioides strain-52. The treatments were concentrated in four groups with the ranges (in parentheses) S (15.9% and 91.8%), PI (9 and 15.3) and Tr (0.0254 and 0.0468). A positive and significant correlation was observed between S and r (P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between PI with S and r (P < 0.001). By means of regression analysis, a linear model was generated that showed a reduction in disease severity with increasing N dose and an increase with the levels of P and Ca applied.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide. Most of the anticancer agents have been showing a variety of side effects. Recently, bacterial proteins have been investigated as promising anticancer agents. Azurin is a bacterial cupredoxin protein secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and has been reported as a potent multi-targeting anticancer agent, which makes it an appropriate candidate for drug delivery. Azurin may be delivered to cancer cells using different carriers like polymeric micro and nanoparticles. In the present study, azurin was extracted from the bacterial host and loaded into chitosan particles. Then its effect on MCF-7 cell line was investigated. Chitosan-azurin particles were made using the ion gelation method. Results showed that chitosan-azurin particles are about 200 nm, and the loading of the protein in particles did not affect its integrity. The MTT assay showed a significant reduction in cell viability in azurin and chitosan-azurin-treated cells. The toxicity level after 5 days was 63.78% and 82.53% for free azurin and chitosan-azurin-treated cells, respectively. It seems using an appropriate carrier system for anticancer proteins like azurin is a promising tool for developing low side effect anticancer agents.

This study examined the correlations between highly entangled variables such as leadership, work environment, effective communication, reward fairness, and physical facilities for faculty members. The data was gathered from faculty members of educational institutions in Pakistan using a survey questionnaire, and the sampling method was purposive sampling. For this study, data was obtained from a varied group of education professionals from several places in Pakistan, each with a distinct degree of education and experience. This study demonstrates how independent factors affect faculty performance and can have a further impact on organizational productivity. The findings indicated that good organizational behavior had a considerable favorable influence on faculty performance. The paper reviews significant literature on the proposed factors and makes recommendations for further research.

Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) encompasses teachers’ understanding of the intricate interplay among technology, pedagogy, and subject matter expertise, serving as the essential knowledge base for integrating technology into subject-specific instruction. Over the decade, advancements in information technology have led to the consistent application of the TPACK framework within studies on instructional technology and technology-enhanced learning, significantly advancing the evolution of contemporary teacher education in technology integration. In this paper, we utilize the Teaching and Learning Knowledge of Subjects Based on Integrated Technology (TPACK) framework to administer a questionnaire survey to teacher trainees at Chinese colleges and universities. This survey aims to evaluate the current status of their integrated technology-based subject teaching and learning knowledge. Based on the research findings, we propose strategies aimed at enhancing the educational technology integration knowledge of students pursuing integrated technology courses in colleges and universities. Furthermore, we integrate the smart classroom setting to develop a comprehensive TPACK-integrated model teaching framework. Our final objective is to offer valuable references for the progress of modern teaching skills among education students in higher education institutions.

The continuous escalation of social risks has exacerbated the challenges faced by aging urban communities. In this context, resilience building emerges as a critical approach, offering new perspectives and innovative solutions to address these issues. This paper applies the theories of risk society and resilience governance to establish an analytical framework for resilience governance, specifically examining the current status of resilience construction within the Jin Guang Men community in Xi’an. The findings indicate that resilience building within these aging urban communities is hindered by issues such as weak grassroots governance, deficient repair mechanisms, inadequate infrastructure, and a slow pace of information technology adoption. To effectively manage social risks, it is imperative to strengthen party leadership in governance, enhance community self-repair capacities, upgrade infrastructure, and accelerate the application of information technology. These measures are essential for bolstering the risk management capabilities of aging urban communities.