This paper, with its focus on national legislative regulations that have come into force and governments developed policies designed to clear away numerous problems regarding women’s employment has a threefold contribution to the existing literature. First, it summarizes the salient features of the new legislation and administrative measures adopted by the government of Turkyie, with special reference to Bursa Yıldırım Municipality. Second, we draw attention to the increasing recognition of the valuable potential of females in the workplace. Over recent decades and the implications for the central administration but also the private sector, local administration and voluntary agencies. Third, policy syndromes about livelihoods, and hardship alleviation policies, are examined and policy implications are discussed. This paper does not aim to provide definitive answers, yet intends to scrutinize the data and re-examine the trends in the light of key drivers such as economics, demographics, and urbanization. This was done mainly by reviewing the literature government reports and statistical data but was augmented by our fieldwork. There is an attempt to reach a conclusion about recent developments and make suggestions about countermeasures that could be implemented.

Tourism city brand image construction is a strategic measure to enhance the city’s core competitiveness, and has received great attention from various tourism cities. As a new force in promoting urban development, local youth must accurately grasp their perception of the city’s brand image, to realize the simultaneous development of youth development and urban development, and the integrated development of youth, industry, and city. This paper focuses on the city brand building of tourist cities among local youth, adopts the brand association measurement tool “brand concept map”, takes Chongqing, a tourist city in China, as the field, and the local youth as the research object, and establishes the analysis perspective of the correlation strength of results based on traditional methods. Based on exploring the characteristics of brand image perception, this paper further explores the formation mechanism behind the characteristics from the perspective of the diversity of local youth’s perception channels of city brand image.

Coordination and integration among farms within agri-food chains are crucial to tackle the issue of fragmentation within the primary sector, both at the European and national level. The Italian agri-food system still complains about the need to aggregate supply to support market dynamics, especially for niche and quality products that characterize the Made in Italy. It is well known that the Italian agri-food sector is closely linked to the relationship between agriculture on one hand and culture/tradition on the other, which is reflected in the high number of quality products that have obtained EU PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) and PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) recognition. The development of vertical forms of coordination has found significant support in recent years from the integrated supply chain design approach, which is increasingly becoming an essential tool for implementing rural development policies. In this context, the study provides a comparison between companies that have joined the Integrated Supply Chain Projects of the Rural Development Program and those that have not applied. The aim is to highlight any differences in order to understand policy impact. The analysis is based on the Emilia-Romagna region Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) data, and the sample consists of more than 2 thousand farms. The statistical analysis conducted compares treated and non-treated using the Welch-t-test for independent unmatched samples. The main results show higher values for treated farms when structural variables are analyzed, like the utilized agricultural area or the agricultural work unit. In general, higher balance sheet performances emerged for treated farms. In conclusion, this study shows that the Integrated Supply Chain Projects represent a worthwhile tool both to increase cooperation, food quality, and to enhance a competitive agricultural sector.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be viewed as the aftermath of the Millennial Development Goals (MDGs). This is due to the fact that the seventeen (17) SDGs are designed to continue the work expected to have been done by the MDGs. In other words, the failure of the MDGs to eradicate poverty birthed the SDGs. However, the SDGs seem not to be achieving the desired result. This has led to the projection for the need for a decade of action. In the African context, the questions of why the MDGs failed and the SDGs tend to be failing are yet to be asked. By projection, if the questions are not asked and answers are not provided, the projection of the decade of action may also fail. Hence, the reason for this conceptual paper which was targeted at exploring the possibility of considering the Africanization of the SDGs as remedy to ensuring sustainable development in the African continent. Different relevant sources were identified, reviewed and analysed. The findings from the reviewed and analysed sources showed among others that for Africanization of the SDGs to be a reality and practicable, glocalization must be embraced. Meanwhile, there will be need to question the use of Eurocentric curricula in African institutions of learning.

The focus of this research is the task of assistance from the government in improving agriculture in the region and analyzing the obstacles that occur. However, there has been a decrease in the number of assistance tasks given by the central government to the local government of Rokan Hulu, Riau Province, Indonesia in 2022. This study aims to evaluate and find out the obstacles to the implementation of assistance tasks in Rokan Hulu Regency in 2022. This study uses a qualitative method with an exploratory type and is analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this study show that the Rokan Hulu regional government only gets one implementation of assistance tasks, namely from the Ministry of Agriculture through the Director General of Infrastructure and the Director General of Food Crops whose performance achievements have been maximized. The findings in this study are that in its implementation there are obstacles, one of which is the relatively short period of implementation of assistance tasks, making it difficult to implement assistance tasks by regional apparatus organizations as recipients of assistance tasks. The conclusion in this study is that the implementation of assistance tasks there is one assistance task received from the Ministry of Finance whose implementation in the region is carried out by the Food Crops and Horticulture Service. This research contributes to the government of Rokan Hulu, Indonesia, namely as a basis for policymaking, especially in the use of the budget for assistance tasks.