The paper lays out basic design options for infrastructure policy. It first sketches mechanisms to assess demand. Then it sets out a hierarchy of issues starting with choice of market structure followed by conduct regulation. Ownership options are largely a function of market structure choices. The implications for finance—the topic of much day-to-day discussion in infrastructure policy-making—follow from these various prior choices. The discussion naturally circumscribes the role for the so-called public-private partnerships, their uses and pitfalls.

The article examines the issues of application and improvement of the methodology for evaluating industrial enterprises as recipients of state support within the framework of the implementation of industrial policy. The authors considered approaches to the content of industrial policy, investigated the factors influencing its efficiency, identified aspects of its imperfections that arise when applying an incomplete list of important parameters of economic development and ambiguity in the interpretation of previously applied estimates. The article presents proposals to improve the methodology for assessing potential recipients of state support based on the development of a comprehensive indicator for assessing enterprises (recipients of support), taking into account not only the classical parameters of the economic efficiency of industrial enterprises applying for state financial assistance, but also such aspects as the development of budgetary funds, belonging to priority sectors of the economy, characteristics of sustainable development and export and innovation potential. Combining the results of a comprehensive assessment of the recipient of state support with a map of the business demography of the territory allows making a decision not only about the fact of support and its efficiency, but also to predict the assessment of the life cycle of the enterprise and its subsequent development.

This paper employs a sample of Chinese A-share listed companies spanning from 2011 to 2022 to empirically investigate the influence of climate policy uncertainty on the corporate cost of debt, based on the theory of financial friction. We find that climate policy uncertainty significantly increases the corporate cost of debt, and the result is supported by robustness tests. To avoid biases arisen from endogeneity, this paper introduces an instrumental variable approach and propensity score matching method for verification. The endogeneity test results support the baseline regression results as well. Finally, this paper also discovers that financing constraints are the potential mechanism behind the impact of climate policy uncertainty on the corporate cost of debt.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to apply policy analysis matrix (PAM) to identify international competitiveness of marketing channels and policy impacts of government on each marketing channels. Methodology: Policy analysis matrix is employed to evaluate influences of macroeconomic policy on the Tuong-mango value chain. The study investigated 213 sampling observation of eight main actors in chain. Findings: The findings indicate that although domestic channel 4 exhibits competitiveness (Private cost ratio (PRC) < 1), channels 1, 2, and 3 possess both comparative and competitive advantages (PRC < 1, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) < 1, and social benefit-cost (SBC) > 1). The government’s strategy on production protection, referred to as Nominal protection coefficient on tradable output (NPCO) 0.16, together with the plan for enhancing added value, denoted as Effective protection coefficient (EPC) 0.14 and Subsidy ratio to producers (SRP) −0.18, place a significant emphasis on the first export channel. The government’s subsidy plan grants preferential treatment to Channel 4 in terms of the pricing of commercially available products, with a Nominal protection coefficient on tradable input (NPCI) value of 0.75. A value-added strategy is implemented for export channels 2 and 3, which have EPCs of 0.76 and 0.85, respectively. Policy implications: If the tradable cost is modified by 20%, there will be a change in the ratio of DRC, SBC, EPC, and SRP. While the EPC does not see a 20% reduction in domestic prices, the DRC and SBC do benefit from this cost reduction. A reduction of 20% in the local cost, coupled with a corresponding rise of 20% in the Free on Board (FOB) price, would result in a significant elevation of the SRP for export channels 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: This is as evidence for the combination of quantitative is a dynamic tool in the policymaking process to ensure targets, constrictions, and consistent policies for agricultural fields. This permits policies to be changed in steps with an alteration in the economy and priorities set up for the tropical fruits and vegetables field.

This paper aims to analyze the narratives that have emerged in the process of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia. The analysis is conducted using the Narrative Policy Framework at the mesa level. Using data from articles published in 6 credible national media about “bureaucratic reform” from 2010 to 2023. The collected data was classified according to the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) elements in the article: Issue setting, the cause of the issue, plot, character (villain, victim, hero), and recommendations for solutions offered. There were 31 articles analyzed. The result showed that the main plot in the process of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia is based on the corrupt bureaucracy and the slow public service provided. The victims in the plot are the people who will access the services. The villains of the narrative are civil servants who do not improve the required competencies. The heroes of the narrative are several government institutions (Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform, Commission of Corruption Eradication, and The Audit Board of The Republic of Indonesia) that are considered to expose the problem.

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) hopes to deliver trillions of dollars in infrastructure financing to Asia, Europe, and Africa. If the initiative follows Chinese practices to date for infrastructure financing, which often entail lending to sovereign borrowers, then BRI raises the risk of debt distress in some borrower countries. This paper assesses the likelihood of debt problems in the 68 countries identified as potential BRI borrowers. We conclude that eight countries are at particular risk of debt distress based on an identified pipeline of project lending associated with BRI.

Because this indebtedness also suggests a higher concentration in debt owed to official and quasi-official Chinese creditors, we examine Chinese policies and practices related to sustainable financing and the management of debt problems in borrower countries. Based on this evidence, we offer recommendations to improve Chinese policy in these areas. The recommendations are offered to Chinese policymakers directly, as well as to BRI’s bilateral and multilateral partners, including the IMF and World Bank.