Leadership behavior is a critical component of effective management, significantly influencing organizational success. While extensive research has examined key success factors in road management, the specific role of leadership behaviors in road usage charging (RUC) management remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by identifying and analyzing leadership behavior dimensions and their impact on management performance within the RUC context. Using a mixed-methods approach, focus group discussions with industry practitioners were conducted to define eight leadership behavior dimensions: Central-Level Leadership Guidance (LE1), Local-Level Leadership Guidance (LE2), Central-Level Leadership Commitment (LE3), Local-Level Leadership Commitment (LE4), Subordinate Understanding from Central-Level Leadership (LE5), Subordinate Understanding from Local-Level Leadership (LE6), Work Motivation (LE7), and Understanding Rights and Obligations (LE8). These dimensions were further validated through a quantitative survey distributed to 138 professionals involved in RUC management in Vietnam, with the data analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and partial least squares (PLS) estimation. The findings revealed that LE3 (Central-Level Leadership Commitment) had the strongest direct impact on management performance (MP) and mediated the relationships between other leadership dimensions and management outcomes. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of leadership in RUC management by highlighting the centrality of leadership commitment and offering practical insights for improving leadership practices to enhance organizational performance in infrastructure management.

The construction of practical education bases in the construction of medical colleges in vocational colleges is an important way to meet the teaching requirements of medical courses and reflect the comprehensive practical education ability of vocational colleges. For medical students in vocational colleges, the improvement of practical ability is also an important way to continuously enhance and improve their professional and technical abilities. This article analyzes the construction of relevant training bases in the field of medical imaging, and explores the scientific methods for teaching and constructing traditional Chinese medicine imaging professional bases in vocational colleges through four typical paths: basic construction of practice bases, effective management of practice bases, targeted practical abilities, and professional skill training for cultivating teacher teams.

The profound impact of China's concept of healthy development on various fields of society has influenced the mode of university education, and has gradually undergone changes in actual teaching modes, ways of thinking, and technologies. As one of the important educational courses in universities and sports departments, the reasonable introduction and implementation of functional training models in practical guidance can deepen students' learning of basic dance and skills, and further improve the performance of the dance stage. As a mentor, teachers should play the role of functional guidance essentials based on students' differentiated training abilities, optimize educational content from students' physical function training, and make adjustments. The professional functional training method is adopted to establish the practical application and promotion of functional training in university physical education.

This paper presents a quantitative exploration of the functionality of cost accounting systems and their determinants in social welfare organizations. We conducted a questionnaire survey of managers of social welfare organizations running special nursing homes for the elderly and conducted a cluster analysis based on the data collected. The questionnaire was created based on the scales used in previous studies, with some new scales developed. For data analysis, the statistical analysis environment R was used. The clValid package of R was used to assess the validity of the cluster analysis. Based on the results of the analysis in this paper, it is expected that social welfare organizations that pursue cost leadership strategies and have a strong public interest orientation will benefit greatly by being able to utilize a highly functional cost accounting system. Such organizations will be able to improve their business efficiency by utilizing cost information, and their social contribution activities based on the resulting resources will truly be a contribution to public welfare. The findings from this study are of practical significance because they can be used by business managers of social welfare organizations to review the functionality of their cost accounting systems. We also focus on the degree to which nonprofit organizations focus on social contribution activities (in this paper, we call this public interest orientation). The public interest orientation of an organization is thought to affect the functionality of the cost accounting system in the same way as the organization’s strategy, but there has not been enough quantitative research on this point. By focusing on the public interest orientation of social welfare organizations, this study contributes to deepening our knowledge in this area.