Fire accidents are one of the serious security threats facing the metro, and the accurate determination of the index system and weights for fire assessment in underground stations is the key to conducting fire hazard assessment. Among them, the type and quantity of baggage, which varies with the number of passengers, is an important factor affecting the fire hazard assessment. This study is based on the combination of subjective and objective AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) with the available Particle Swarm Optimisation algorithm PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and the perfect CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) empowered fuzzy evaluation method on the metro station fire hazard toughness indicator system and its weights were determined, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of metro station safety toughness under the influence of baggage was constructed. The practical application proves that the method provides a new perspective for the fire risk assessment of underground stations, and also provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of mobile fire load hazards in underground stations.

The recent development of characteristic towns has encountered a multitude of challenges and chaos. Nevertheless, there have been many instances of information asymmetry due to the absence of an effective management model and an intuitive digital management system. Consequently, this has caused the erosion of public interests and inadequate supervision by public agencies. As society is progressing at a rapid pace, there is a growing apprehension regarding poor management synergy, outdated management practices, and limited use of technology in traditional construction projects. In today's technologically sophisticated society characterized by the “Internet+” and intelligent management, there is an urgent requirement to identify a more efficient collaborative management model, thereby reducing errors caused by information asymmetry. This paper focuses on the integration of building information modeling (BIM) and integrated project delivery (IPD) for collaborative management within characteristic towns in the PPP mode. By analyzing the available literature on the application status, this study investigates the implementation methods and framework construction of collaborative management while exploring the advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, this study highlights the problems that arise and provides recommendations for improvement. Considering this, the application of the BIM-based IPD model to characteristic towns in PPP mode will enhance the effectiveness of collaborative management among all parties involved, thereby fostering an environment that facilitates decision-making and operational management in the promotion of characteristic industries.

Homework is an indispensable basic link in classroom teaching, an important link in the consolidation of knowledge after class, and an important way for students to understand knowledge, digest knowledge, and improve their problem-solving ability. In the practice of mathematics teaching in primary schools, attention should be paid to the effectiveness of homework assignments in different links before, during and after class, and the content of homework should take into account the reality of students at different levels. This paper expounds the strategy of hierarchical design of mathematics homework from the aspects of the hierarchical design and arrangement of mathematics homework in the upper grades of primary school, aiming to effectively improve the quality of mathematics classroom teaching in the upper grades of primary school.

In the 21st century, brand communication has been significantly transformed through the interaction of users and artificial intelligence (AI), who co-create and recreate texts in digital environments. This evolution challenges traditional disciplines and roles, opening new perspectives for textual production on multiple platforms. The study examines the current state and application of the textual component in brand communication, exploring its disciplinary foundations, rhetorical traces, and research methodologies. To this end, a content analysis of 97 relevant publications from 2000 to 2024 was conducted, selected for their impact on the field of brand communication and following the guidelines established in the PRISMA statement. The results identified three sources of textual creation: Organization, users and algorithms. In addition, persuasion and sentiment take precedence at the rhetorical level, while data mining stands out in message analysis. In conclusion, the advertising text, which previously prevailed in brand communication with corporate authorship, formal prefiguration and a closed entity, now expands in a media and networked context. This text originates from a multiplicity of human and automated sources, overlapping rhetorical phases and fluid textualities. The shift implies a transition from unidirectional communication, characterized by repeated impacts, to multidirectional communication with spiraling trajectories and iterative adjustments. This challenges the boundaries of genres and formats, merging the persuasiveness of rhetoric and the imagination of storytelling. This situation demands commercial policies that integrate new professionals and roles, in partnership with the educational sector, and that address copyright with AI and users.

With the continuous development and rapid progress of Internet technology, the technology of “Internet +” has been widely used in almost all walks of life, including education. The new learning mode of “Internet + education” is changing learners’ learning habits, and this learning mode has become a hot issue that scholars pay attention to. Although there is much research on blended learning, the research on the influencing factors of blended learning in Chinese private colleges and universities is limited. In this paper, the questionnaire was designed based on the theory of planning behavior and the technical acceptance model theory, and distribute these questionnaires to undergraduates at Harbin Cambridge University, a private university in China, and 162 valid questionnaires were collected. Analysis was performed by multiple linear regression and structural equation model method. It is found that college students’ blended learning effect is positively correlated with perceived usefulness, interactive behavior, and learning acceptance, while perceived ease of use and learning atmosphere have no significant influence on the learning effect. This study further found that perceived usefulness and interactive behavior can influence the effect of blended learning through the mediating effect of learning acceptance. The results of this study provide a new idea for the study of blended learning; that is, students will know how to improve the effectiveness of blended learning, and also provide a valuable reference for teachers to solve the problem of how to improve the quality and effectiveness of blended classroom teaching.