The aim of the study is to identify the requirements for qualifying administrative leaders and the challenges they face at King Khalid University, in light of the general framework of the Human Capacities Development Program, which includes four dimensions (values and behaviours-basic skills-future skills-knowledge). A descriptive approach was used, and the study population consisted of academic leaders at King Khalid University, totalling (107). A questionnaire was used as a research tool, comprising three axes and (53) statements to collect data after ensuring their validity and reliability. The results showed the agreement of the study population on the axis of requirements for qualifying administrative leaders at King Khalid University to a very high degree, with an average score of (4.44), and their agreement on the challenges facing the qualification of administrative leaders at King Khalid University to a very high degree, with an average score of (4.11), and their agreement on the mechanisms for qualifying administrative leaders at King Khalid University to a very high degree, with an average score of (4.29). The results also showed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between the means of responses of the study population on the requirements, challenges, and mechanisms for qualifying administrative leaders according to variables (gender-academic qualification—experience in the current job). In light of the study results, a proposed strategy was developed, and recommendations were made, including adopting the proposed strategy and governing the programs for qualifying administrative leaders at King Khalid University to ensure transparency, fairness, and accountability at all stages from nomination, preparation, and evaluation, in addition to considering the university’s strategic plan when designing programs for qualifying administrative leaders to adopt the values embraced by the administration and build leaders who contribute to achieving its vision and mission in the long term.

In this paper, the characteristic behavior of the disc consisting of thermoplastic composite CF/PA6 material was considered. Analysis was made by taking into account the usage areas of the materials and referring to certain temperatures between 30 ℃ and 150 ℃. Composite materials are lightweight; they show high strength. For these reasons, they are preferred in technology, especially in the aircraft and aerospace industry. With this study, the radial and tangential stresses determined within a certain temperature The temperatures were determined and compared with previous studies in the literature. According to the results obtained, it is believed that the thermoplastic composite CF/PA6 disc design can be used in engineering.

The development of flexible, wearable electronic devices is one of the future directions of technology development. Flexible conductive materials are important supporting materials for wearable electronic devices. Polymer has excellent flexibility; it is an important way to prepare flexible conductors from polymer-based conductive composites. In this paper, the research progress of polymer-based flexible conductive composites is summarized in terms of preparation and characterization methods. The key factors to realize flexible conductors are put forward, namely, the maintenance of excellent polymer elasticity and the realization of stability. The design and preparation of the extensible conductor with high-elasticity matrix and nanofiller are introduced in detail, and the problems in the current research are summarized.

In today's competitive and complex business environment, achieving business excellence requires a combination of effective methodologies and strong leadership to drive and sustain organizational transformation. Lean Six Sigma (LSS), a proven methodology for improving operational efficiency, relies on effective leadership for successful implementation and lasting impact. This study examines how the integration of Lean, Six Sigma, and Total Quality Management (TQM) shapes leadership strategies that enhance organizational agility, resilience, and responsiveness to market dynamics. It highlights the crucial role of leadership in fostering collaboration, optimizing resource utilization, and cultivating a culture of continuous improvement. The study introduces the Structured Lean Leadership Framework as a strategic tool to develop the leadership capabilities essential for LSS success, addressing challenges such as weak leadership commitment, resistance to change, and communication barriers. Through the application of the DMAIC framework, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and Voice of Customer (VOC) analysis, the research aligns LSS with business objectives, customer needs, and sustainability goals. Additionally, it explores how combining LSS with Agile methodologies can improve operational efficiency, governance, and innovation, helping organizations better navigate future challenges. This research offers valuable insights for executives, practitioners, and researchers, supporting leadership development, data-driven decision-making, and long-term value creation. Future studies should focus on validating the Structured Lean Leadership Framework, exploring Agile-LSS integration in regulated industries, and examining the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on LSS and leadership.

The St. Peter Sandstone of the American Midwest is presented today in textbooks as a simple and unproblematic example of “layer-cake geology.” The thesis of this paper is that the very simplicity of St. Peter Sandstone has made it challenging to characterize. In widely separated states, the sandstone appeared under different names. Several theories about how it formed began to circulate. The story of the St. Peter is not only the story of the assemblage of a stratigraphic unit over a vast area during three centuries, but also the role the study of the provenance of this unit played in the development of sedimentology in the early twentieth century, research that was made all the more challenging by its “simple” mineralogy. Indeed, the St. Peter has been controversial since it was first described.