Public signs in scenic spots play the role of guidance, instruction and warning, and are of great significance to promote the development of scenic spots. Guang’an District has a strong historical and cultural heritage and the rapid development of tourism, but the English translation of public signs in the scenic spot has become increasingly prominent, mainly including nonstandard translation, spelling errors, logical confusion and grammatical errors. In order to promote the solution of such problems, this paper will analyze the current situation of English translation of public signs in Guang’an scenic spots, and put forward solutions to the problems of English translation of public signs through hiring professional translators, cultural difference training and regional cooperation.

This study investigates the role of Chat-GPT with augmented reality applications in enhancing tourism experiences in Thailand, focusing on behavioral intentions and innovation adoption to reduce stress in the tourism industry. The research addresses two key objectives: identifying factors driving consumers' behavioral intentions to adopt AR apps and evaluating the robustness of a modified innovation framework for analyzing these intentions. A conceptual model integrating innovativeness, attitudes, perceived enjoyment, and revisit intentions was developed and tested using Structural Equation Modeling with data from 430 Thai tourists who have one to three years of mobile application experience. The findings highlight that service and technology innovation significantly influence perceived enjoyment and attitude, which in turn mediate the impact on behavioral intention to adopt augmented reality applications. At a significance level of p < 0.001, perceived enjoyment and attitude were identified as critical determinants of BI, underscoring the importance of intrinsic user experiences. Tourists are more likely to adopt augmented reality technologies based on personal perceptions and enjoyment rather than external recommendations. This research provides actionable insights for stakeholders in the tourism technology ecosystem, including technology providers, marketers, and policymakers. By emphasizing the interplay of social, emotional, and hedonic factors in shaping user attitudes, the study introduces a robust framework for advancing augmented reality applications in tourism. The findings underscore the importance of user-centric design to drive technology adoption and offer strategic guidance for developers and entrepreneurs aiming to enhance tourism experiences through innovative augmented reality solutions.

This research analyses the effects of openness, telecommunications, and institutional nexus on economic growth in African countries using a panel model with data from 16 landlocked countries from 1996 to 2021 and employing the pooled mean group estimation technique that mitigates bias from country heterogeneity and discerning short-term and long-term equilibrium dynamics and two-step system-generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation for robustness check. The empirical findings indicate that openness exerts a significantly positive effect on economic growth in the models. This supports the neoclassical model, suggesting that being landlocked should not impede economic growth, but rather, growth should depend on opportunities available to each country. However, institutions and telecommunications show a mixed correlation with economic growth. These findings can guide landlocked developing countries in enhancing their exports and fostering skill acquisition to attract advanced technology. In conclusion, policymakers should improve macroeconomic policies, telecommunications infrastructure, and institutional structure to strengthen the sustainability of economic growth in African landlocked countries.

This study presents a simple yet informative bibliometric analysis of servant leadership literature, aiming to provide a basic overview of its scholarly landscape and identify general trends. We conducted this analysis in September 2023. We focused solely on the Scopus database to understand the current state of servant leadership research. Despite extensive search efforts, we found no similar bibliometric analyses within the servant leadership domain during our study period. Therefore, our focus is to present a brief and straightforward analysis of current research in this field based on identification trends over time, connection between co-occurrence of author keywords, most and less discussed keyword, and areas of high and low concentration. Our findings show an increase in scholarly publications, reflecting a growing acknowledgment of servant leadership’s relevance in management practices. Interconnected keywords and themes such as leadership, transformational leadership, job satisfaction, work engagement, authentic leadership, ethical leadership, organizational citizenship behavior, trust, and leadership development emerge prominently. Additionally, less-discussed keywords such as accountability, core self-evaluations, educational leadership, stewardship, customer orientation, and psychological well-being provide alternative perspectives on these research results. While acknowledging limitations inherent in our bibliometric research, such as potential publication bias and language restrictions, our study offers valuable insights for scholars and practitioners interested in this area.

E-commerce is increasingly developing as a platform large and small companies use to carry out online transactions with consumers. However, the development of e-commerce is also fraught with new environmental problems. Various problems occur, such as data leaks and fraud in buying and selling transactions. This research aims to deepen the study of the e-commerce environment from the perspective of local policymakers, and this research completes a study on the analysis of e-commerce problems and solutions from the perspective of policy actors. The development of e-commerce still has an unsafe environment; the potential for fraud and data leakage is still significant, and a government response is needed, such as creating new regulations or revising existing regulations. This research uses qualitative analysis with a content analysis approach and national online news media as research data and information sources. Nvivo 12 Plus software was used to identify problems and solutions offered by actors in their narratives in the media. The results of this research show that data leaks and e-commerce have the potential to threaten the country’s resilience, conventional businesses are threatened with closure, and policymakers are shifting responsibility for overcoming e-commerce problems. Current regulations still need to be made appropriately to overcome e-commerce problems.