Our main objective in this research is to affirm that philosophy, in its true essence and depth, has never been inherently opposed to religion. Rather, the turn toward atheism within philosophy represents isolated, personal stances, often reactionary in nature, and not rooted in genuine intellectual reflection, which the Qur’an encourages and calls people to adhere to. Our endeavor is to show that the call to atheism is foreign to reason, understood as a sound faculty or a sense linked to the pursuit of truth, as previously demonstrated by Descartes in his focus on the principles and methods of philosophical inquiry. To facilitate the achievement of these goals, we have employed several methodologies, primarily the structural method, which helps us analyze selected texts, this methodology enables the understanding of the elements within the studied positions, the relationships that link them, and the underlying implications upon which they are based. We will apply this method practically when analyzing conceptions that reject religion, uncovering the framework underpinning each conception. This approach facilitates comprehension by examining the rational foundations that support each interpretation of religion and later pave the way for its denial or transcendence. the historical method, which allows us to trace the development and dissemination of atheism, this approach is based on the premise that every sensory or intellectual phenomenon has an origin defined by time and place, evolving through transformations and additions over time. By employing this method, we can trace the development of various interpretations of religion and understand the intellectual accumulations shaped by successive historical periods, and the deconstructionist method, through which we identify the contradictions and flawed principles underlying atheistic arguments, this method allows for in-depth critique of the foundations, developmental trajectories, and final outcomes of phenomena. It also provides a means to establish new perspectives—whether by modifying the existing model, recontextualizing it, or replacing it with an entirely new framework. The importance of re-examining the relationship between philosophy and atheism stems from the profound influence of certain philosophical positions and their negative views on religion within various atheistic currents, especially contemporary ones. Contemporary atheism today poses a threat to religion as a symbolic human system, rich in a value-laden framework that upholds the essence of humanity in an era dominated by materialism and the absence of values. The central question of this research is: Can the human being truly achieve existence independently? Or can one live in this world isolated from all influential forces, including the creative and divine force?

Currently, numerous companies intend to adopt digital transformation, seeking agility in their methodologies to reinvent products and services with higher quality, reduced costs and in shorter times. In the Peruvian context, the implementation of this transformation represents a significant challenge due to scarcity of resources, lack of experience and resistance to change. The objective of this research is to propose a digital transformation model that incorporates agile methodologies in order to improve production and competitiveness in manufacturing organizations. In methodological terms, the hypothetical deductive method was used, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design and a quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach. A questionnaire was applied to 110 managers in the manufacturing sector, obtaining a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.992. The results reveal that 65% of the participants consider that the level of innovation is regular, 88% think that the competition in their companies is of a regular level, and 76% perceive that the level of change is deficient. The findings highlight the importance of digital transformation in manufacturing companies, highlighting the adoption of agile methodologies as crucial to improving processes and productivity. In addition, innovation is essential to developing high-quality products and services, reducing costs and time. Digital transformation with agile methodologies redefines the value proposition, focusing on the customer and improving their digital experience, which differentiates companies in a competitive market.

More and more urban studies researchers and students are using images. This choice often stems from the need to illustrate, analyse and understand territories and urban phenomena. This contribution seeks to demonstrate, on the basis of examples drawn from scientific productions in Greater Lomé, how the photographic approach makes it possible to apprehend the urban phenomenon. Three forms of image use can be identified in the documents consulted. On the one hand, images are a source of data to support information received through observation. On the other hand, photography is a technique for collecting metadata which, when triangulated with several sources, enables a query to be answered. Finally, the diachronic and chronological analysis of images of a social reality enables us to detect the visible and the invisible in order to take a critical look at the social world and the dynamics of social relationships.

The purpose of this study was to assess rural students’ computational thinking abilities. The following proofs were observed: (1) Students’ abstraction affected algorithmic thinking skills; (2) Students’ decomposition influenced algorithmic thinking skills; (3) Students’ abstraction impacted evaluation skills; (4) Students’ algorithmic thinking affected evaluation skills; (5) Students’ abstraction impacted generalization skills; (6) Students’ decomposition impacted generalization skills; (7) Students’ evaluation affected generalization skills. Gender differences were observed in the relationship among the computational thinking factors of junior high school students. This included the abstraction-generalization skills; evaluation-generalization skills; and decomposition-generalization skills relationships, which were moderated by the gender of the students. 258 valid surveys were collected, and they were utilized in the study. Conducting the descriptive, reliability, and validity analyses used SPSS software, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) was also conducted through Smart PLS software to assess the hypothetical relationships. There were gender disparities in the correlation among computational thinking components of the junior high school students’ studying in rural areas. Research has shown that male and female students may have different abstractions, evaluations, and generalizations related to computational thinking, with females being more strongly associated than males in non-programming learning contexts. These results are expected to provide relevant information in subsequent analyses and implement a computational thinking curriculum to overcome the still-existing gender gaps and promote computational thinking skills.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of investors on the development of health and hospitality tourism in Kosovo. The study involved 50 investors from various hotel and healthcare companies. The guerrilla method was used for the methodology of this study. In this study, a semi-standardized instrument was used which measures the impact of investors in the development of health and hospitality tourism. The findings of this study have shown that there is a significant correlation between the investments made by investors and the development of health and hospitality tourism in Kosovo. Also, from the findings of the study, we understand that the male gender achieves a higher average of investments than the female gender in health and hotel tourism in Kosovo than the female gender. Finally, the findings of this study and the practical significance of these findings are discussed and recommendations are given regarding the findings of the study.