The study examines the relationship between EPS and the gearing ratios and return on equity (ROE) ratio of 9 public listed firms on the Malaysian Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2022 financial years. The firms are selected at random. From this study it was established that there is a negative relation between EPS and gearing and a positive relation between EPS and ROE. Companies that want to attract more investors need to keep their gearing ratio low and increase the return on equity ratio high. To obtain the benefits of gearing or external funding, there need to be a balance between equity and debts. There is no one optimal balance between debt and equity. This balance is difference for each company and the sector they operate in. It is important for managers of companies to find the optimal balance between debt and equity, unique to their company.

Noise pollution in construction sites is a significant concern, impacting worker health, safety, communication, and productivity. The current study aims to assess the paramount consequences of ambient noise pollution on construction activities and workers’ productivity in Peshawar, Pakistan. Noise measurements have been recorded at four different construction sites in Peshawar at different times of the day. Statistical analysis and Relative Importance Index (RII) are employed to evaluate the data Risk variables, such as equipment maintenance, noise control, increased workload, material handling challenges, quality control issues, and client satisfaction. The results indicated that noise levels often exceeded permissible limits, particularly in the afternoon, posing significant worker risks. In addition, RII analysis identified communication difficulties, safety hazards, and decreased productivity as significant issues. The results show that noise pollution is directly linked with safety risks, decreased performance, and client dissatisfaction and needs immediate attention by authorities. This paper proposes a strategic policy framework, recommending uniform hand signals and visual communication methods without noise for workers, worker training about safety, and using wearable devices in noisy settings. Communication training for teams and crane operators, proactive quality control, and customer-oriented project schedules are also proposed. These recommendations aim to mitigate the adverse effects of noise pollution, enhance construction industry resilience, and improve overall operational efficiency, worker safety, and client satisfaction in the construction sector of Peshawar, aligning with policy and sustainable development objectives.

The wet saturated flue gas discharged by coal-fired utility boilers leads to a large amount of low-temperature waste heat loss. Inorganic ceramic membrane is acid-base resistant and has strong chemical stability. It is an ideal material for recovering low-temperature waste heat from flue gas. The experiment of waste heat recovery of flue gas was carried out with inorganic ceramic membrane as the core, and the characteristic parameters of low-temperature flue gas at the tail of the boiler were analyzed; taking 316 L stainless steel as the comparative object, the strengthening effect of inorganic ceramic film on improving heat recovery power and composite heat transfer coefficient was discussed. The results show that the waste heat recovery of flue gas is mainly the evaporation latent heat recovery of water, accounting for about 90%; circulating water is used as cooling medium, and the waste heat recovery capacity of flue gas is stronger; compared with circulating water, when air is used as the cooling medium, the effect of inorganic ceramic membrane flue gas waste heat recovery is more significant, and the enhancement coefficient is as high as 9; increasing the flue gas flow is helpful to improve the heat recovery power and composite heat transfer coefficient; at the same time, inorganic ceramic membrane can also recover condensate with high water quality. The results of this paper can provide a reference for the application of inorganic ceramic membrane in flue gas waste heat recovery.

This study evaluated the efficiency and productivity of the manufacturing industries of Singapore. Singapore is one of the world’s most competitive countries and manufacturing giants. All 21 manufacturing industries as classified by Singapore’s Department of Statistics were included in the study as decision-making units (DMUs). Using the Malmquist DEA on data spanning 2015–2021, we found that excerpt for the Paper and Paper product industry, all industries recorded positive total factor productivity (TFP). TFP ranged from 0.977 to 1.481. In terms of technical efficiency, 14 out of 21 industries showed positive efficiency change. The highest TFP was recorded in 2020 and the lowest in 2016. By measuring and improving efficiency, industries in Singapore can achieve cost savings, increase output, and enhance their competitiveness in the global marketplace. In addition, efficiency measurement can help policymakers identify potential areas for improvement and develop targeted policies to promote sustainable economic growth. Given these benefits, performance measurement is inevitable for industries and policymakers in Singapore to achieve economic objectives. Manufacturing industries need to find ways to manage the size and scale of operations as we flag this as an area for improvement.

In the process of global economy, in the face of increasing business competition, it is more difficult than ever for brands to approach consumers and persuade them to consume. In the commercial environment, the competition between enterprises is essentially the competition of brands, and the competition of brands must first carry out the competition of brand image. Brand image carries the mission of information dissemination and value creation and plays an important role in business behavior. How to improve customer purchase intention by optimizing brand image and greatly promote the development of business through brand image is the purpose of this study. The construction and application of brand image not only covers all the characteristics of the brand, but also the focus of consumers’ attention when choosing brands and products. This paper comprehensively uses the systematic theories and methods of art design, marketing and consumer psychology and behavior as support, and adopts research methods such as literature data to explore and study the field of brand image. This study finds that customer perception of brand image directly affects customer purchase intention. At present, there are relatively few researches on how brand image can empower business. Through the study of “optimizing brand image to improve customer purchase intention”, this paper focuses on the direction of brand image empowering business, broadens the research breadth and depth in the field of brand image, and enrichis the research achievements in the field of brand image.

This research article explores the relationship between psychological well-being and satisfaction with life among young, athletically talented students educated through individualised programs. The primary objective is to assess whether a safe educational environment, emphasising psychological safety and individual support, positively impacts the general satisfaction and academic performance of these students. Using Ryff and Keyes’ Psychological Well-Being Scale and Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale, data were collected from 188 participants—Secondary and university students engaged in rigorous athletic training while completing their studies in the Czech Republic. Key findings reveal a strong correlation between self-acceptance, autonomy, coping with the environment, and enhanced satisfaction with life, indicating that well-being in young athletes is significantly influenced by psychological resilience, emotional support, and control over one’s educational journey. Research highlights that individually tailored learning environments, which provide flexibility for training and access to mental health support, contribute to a balanced development between academic and athletic goals. Additionally, the results suggest that a positive correlation within the educational environment, both with peers and instructors, further strengthens the satisfaction with life and reduces the risk of burnout. Implications underscore the need for educational institutions to adopt holistic approaches that support psychological well-being and accommodate the unique needs of athletically talented students. Recommendations include structured mentorship, flexibility in academic scheduling, and access to professional counselling. Future research should investigate the long-term impacts of such environments on academic and athletic success, considering factors such as social inclusion and the effects of digital education.