Increasing populations in cities have created challenges for the urban environment and also public health. Today, lacking sport participation opportunities in urban settings is a global concern. This study conceptualizes and develops a theoretical framework that identifies factors associated with effective urban built environments that help shape and reshape residents’ attitude toward sport activities and enhances their participation. Based on a comprehensive review of literature and by following the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory and attitude change theory, a four-factor measurement model is proposed for studying urban built environment, including Availability, Accessibility, Design, and Safety. Further examinations are made on how these factors are channeled to transform residents’ attitudes and behavior associated with participating in sport activities, with Affordability as a moderator. Discussions are centered around the viability of the developed framework and its application for future research investigations.

In recent years, e-sports, as an emerging form of competition, has been rapidly integrated into the daily life of college students, and with its rich interactivity, instant feedback and teamwork, e-sports provides them with an effective channel for emotional catharsis and psychological regulation. This study takes students from four universities as the survey object and adopts quantitative research method to analyze the relationship between different types of e-sports activities and psychological stress resistance through questionnaire survey method combined with spss. The samples were randomly sampled, and a total of 500 valid questionnaires were collected. The results of the study show that: 1. In terms of participation, the ability of students to withstand academic stress and life stress is significantly improved, and e-sports is an effective way to regulate emotions and relieve stress; 2. the three types of games (First-person Shooter, Multiplayer Online Battle Arena, Real-Time Strategy Game) have different impacts on stress tolerance, of which FPS has the greatest impact on stress tolerance; 3. the frequency of playing e-sports affects your stress tolerance; 4. teamwork and strategy play an important role in e-sports resilience.

This study evaluated the performance of several machine learning classifiers—Decision Tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting, SVM, KNN, and Naive Bayes—for adaptability classification in online and onsite learning environments. Decision Tree and Random Forest models achieved the highest accuracy of 0.833, with balanced precision, recall, and F1-scores, indicating strong, overall performance. In contrast, Naive Bayes, while having the lowest accuracy (0.625), exhibited high recall, making it potentially useful for identifying adaptable students despite lower precision. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis further identified the most influential features on adaptability classification. IT Resources at the University emerged as the primary factor affecting adaptability, followed by Digital Tools Exposure and Class Scheduling Flexibility. Additionally, Psychological Readiness for Change and Technical Support Availability were impactful, underscoring their importance in engaging students in online learning. These findings illustrate the significance of IT infrastructure and flexible scheduling in fostering adaptability, with implications for enhancing online learning experiences.

The urgency of adapting urban areas to the increasing impacts of climate change has prompted the scientific community to seek new approaches in partnership with public entities and civil society organizations. In Malaysia, Penang Island has developed a nature-based urban climate adaptation program (PNBCAP) seeking to increase urban resilience, reduce urban heat and flooding, strengthening social resilience, and build institutional capacity. The project includes a strong knowledge transfer component focused on encouraging other cities in the country to develop and implement adaptation policies, projects, and initiatives. This research develops a model adopting the most efficient processes to accelerate the transfer of knowledge to promote urban adaptation based on the PNBCAP. The methodology is developed based on a review of literature focused on innovation systems and change theories. The integration of success strategies in adaptation contributes to informing the creation of solutions around the alliance of local, state, and national government agencies, scientific institutions, and civil society organizations, in a new framework designated the Malaysian Adaptation Sharing Hub (MASH). MASH is structured in 3-steps and will function as an accelerator for the implementation of urban climate adaptation policies, with the target of creating 2 new adaptation-related policies to be adopted annually by each city member, based on knowledge gathered in the PNBCAP. It is concluded that, to speed up urban adaptation, it is necessary to reinforce and promote the sharing of knowledge resulting from or associated with pilot projects.